Enable Transparent Data Encryption in SQL Server

/* *************************************** Step 1 ************************************************
Create a Master Key.The database master key is a symmetric key used to protect the private keys of
certificates and asymmetric keys that are present in the database.
************************************************************************************************ */

USE [master];

CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'P@ssw0rd';

/* *************************************** Step 2 ************************************************
Create a Certificate. CREATE CERTIFICATE can load a certificate from a file or assembly. It can
also be used to create a self signed certificate.
************************************************************************************************ */

CREATE CERTIFICATE AdventureWorksTDECert
    WITH SUBJECT = 'ADWorksTDE';

/* *************************************** Step 3 ************************************************
Create a Database Encryption Key.A database encryption key is required before a database can be
encrypted by using Transparent Database Encryption (TDE).
************************************************************************************************ */

USE [AdventureWorks2012];

CREATE DATABASE ENCRYPTION KEY
    WITH ALGORITHM = AES_256
    ENCRYPTION BY SERVER CERTIFICATE [AdventureWorksTDECert];

/* *************************************** Step 4 ************************************************
Encrypt database.
************************************************************************************************ */

ALTER DATABASE [AdventureWorks2012]
    SET ENCRYPTION ON;