Atomic Counter Class

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
// <copyright file="AtomicCounter.cs" company="Akka.NET Project">
//     Copyright (C) 2009-2019 Lightbend Inc. <http://www.lightbend.com>
//     Copyright (C) 2013-2019 .NET Foundation <https://github.com/akkadotnet/akka.net>
// </copyright>
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------

using System.Threading;

namespace Akka.Util.Internal
{
    /// <summary>
    /// An atomic 32 bit integer counter.
    /// </summary>
    public class AtomicCounter
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Creates an instance of an AtomicCounter.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="initialValue">The initial value of this counter.</param>
        public AtomicCounter(int initialValue)
        {
            _value = initialValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates an instance of an AtomicCounter with a starting value of -1.
        /// </summary>
        public AtomicCounter()
        {
            _value = -1;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// The current value of the atomic counter.
        /// </summary>
        private int _value;

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves the current value of the counter
        /// </summary>
        public int Current { get { return _value; } }

        /// <summary>
        /// Increments the counter and returns the next value
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>TBD</returns>
        public int Next()
        {
            return Interlocked.Increment(ref _value);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Decrements the counter and returns the next value
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>TBD</returns>
        public int Decrement()
        {
            return Interlocked.Decrement(ref _value);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Atomically increments the counter by one.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The original value.</returns>
        public int GetAndIncrement()
        {
            var nextValue = Next();
            return nextValue - 1;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Atomically increments the counter by one.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The new value.</returns>
        public int IncrementAndGet()
        {
            var nextValue = Next();
            return nextValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Atomically decrements the counter by one.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The original value.</returns>
        public int GetAndDecrement()
        {
            var previousValue = Decrement();
            return previousValue + 1;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Atomically decrements the counter by one.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The new value.</returns>
        public int DecrementAndGet()
        {
            return Decrement();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the current value and adds the specified value to the counter.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="amount">The amount to add to the counter.</param>
        /// <returns>The original value before additions.</returns>
        public int GetAndAdd(int amount)
        {
            var newValue = Interlocked.Add(ref _value, amount);
            return newValue - amount;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Adds the specified value to the counter and returns the new value.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="amount">The amount to add to the counter.</param>
        /// <returns>The new value after additions.</returns>
        public int AddAndGet(int amount)
        {
            var newValue = Interlocked.Add(ref _value, amount);
            return newValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Resets the counter to zero.
        /// </summary>
        public void Reset()
        {
            Interlocked.Exchange(ref _value, 0);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns current counter value and sets a new value on it's place in one operation.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">TBD</param>
        /// <returns>TBD</returns>
        public int GetAndSet(int value)
        {
            return Interlocked.Exchange(ref _value, value);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Compares current counter value with provided <paramref name="expected"/> value,
        /// and sets it to <paramref name="newValue"/> if compared values where equal.
        /// Returns true if replacement has succeed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="expected">TBD</param>
        /// <param name="newValue">TBD</param>
        /// <returns>TBD</returns>
        public bool CompareAndSet(int expected, int newValue)
        {
            return Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _value, newValue, expected) != _value;
        }
    }
}

//
// AtomicCounter.cs (by Microsoft)
// https://github.com/microsoft/reverse-proxy/blob/master/src/ReverseProxy.Core/Util/AtomicCounter.cs

// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
// Licensed under the MIT License.

using System.Threading;

namespace Microsoft.ReverseProxy.Core.Util
{
    public class AtomicCounter
    {
        private int _value;

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the current value of the counter.
        /// </summary>
        public int Value => Volatile.Read(ref _value);

        /// <summary>
        /// Atomically increments the counter value by 1.
        /// </summary>
        public void Increment()
        {
            Interlocked.Increment(ref _value);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Atomically decrements the counter value by 1.
        /// </summary>
        public void Decrement()
        {
            Interlocked.Decrement(ref _value);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Atomically increments the counter value by 1, but only up to the
        /// specified <paramref name="max"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="max">Maximum value to increment to.</param>
        /// <returns>True if the value was incremented; false otherwise.</returns>
        public bool IncrementCapped(int max)
        {
            while (true)
            {
                var val = Volatile.Read(ref _value);
                if (val >= max)
                {
                    return false;
                }
                if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _value, val + 1, val) == val)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Atomically decrements the counter value by 1, but only down to the
        /// specified <paramref name="min"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="min">Minimum value to decrement to.</param>
        /// <returns>True if the value was decremented; false otherwise.</returns>
        public bool DecrementCapped(int min)
        {
            while (true)
            {
                var val = Volatile.Read(ref _value);
                if (val <= min)
                {
                    return false;
                }
                if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _value, val - 1, val) == val)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}