101 C# samples using LINQ.
// Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
// This code released under the terms of the
// Microsoft Public License (MS-PL, http://opensource.org/licenses/ms-pl.html.)
//
//Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using SampleSupport;
// Version Mad01
namespace SampleQueries {
[Title("101 LINQ Query Samples")]
[Prefix("Linq")]
public class LinqSamples : SampleHarness
{
private readonly static string dataPath = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, @"..\..\Data\"));
# region Sample Data Collections
// Sample objects based on Northwnd data,
// but not identical to it in all cases.
public class Customer
{
public string CustomerID { get; set; }
public string CompanyName { get; set; }
public string Address { get; set; }
public string City { get; set; }
public string Region { get; set; }
public string PostalCode { get; set; }
public string Country { get; set; }
public string Phone { get; set; }
public string Fax { get; set; }
public Order[] Orders { get; set; }
}
public class Order
{
public int OrderID { get; set; }
public DateTime OrderDate { get; set; }
public decimal Total { get; set; }
}
public class Product
{
public int ProductID { get; set; }
public string ProductName { get; set; }
public string Category { get; set; }
public decimal UnitPrice { get; set; }
public int UnitsInStock { get; set; }
}
public class Supplier
{
public string SupplierName { get; set; }
public string Address { get; set; }
public string City { get; set; }
public string Country { get; set; }
}
private List<Product> productList;
private List<Customer> customerList;
private List<Supplier> supplierList;
#endregion
[Category("Restriction Operators")]
[Title("Where - Simple 1")]
[Description("This sample uses the where clause to find all elements of an array with a value less than 5.")]
public void Linq1() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var lowNums =
from num in numbers
where num < 5
select num;
Console.WriteLine("Numbers < 5:");
foreach (var x in lowNums) {
Console.WriteLine(x);
}
}
[Category("Restriction Operators")]
[Title("Where - Simple 2")]
[Description("This sample uses the where clause to find all products that are out of stock.")]
public void Linq2() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var soldOutProducts =
from prod in products
where prod.UnitsInStock == 0
select prod;
Console.WriteLine("Sold out products:");
foreach (var product in soldOutProducts) {
Console.WriteLine("{0} is sold out!", product.ProductName);
}
}
[Category("Restriction Operators")]
[Title("Where - Simple 3")]
[Description("This sample uses the where clause to find all products that are in stock and " +
"cost more than 3.00 per unit.")]
public void Linq3() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var expensiveInStockProducts =
from prod in products
where prod.UnitsInStock > 0 && prod.UnitPrice > 3.00M
select prod;
Console.WriteLine("In-stock products that cost more than 3.00:");
foreach (var product in expensiveInStockProducts) {
Console.WriteLine("{0} is in stock and costs more than 3.00.", product.ProductName);
}
}
[Category("Restriction Operators")]
[Title("Where - Drilldown")]
[Description("This sample uses the where clause to find all customers in Washington " +
"and then it uses a foreach loop to iterate over the orders collection that belongs to each customer.")]
public void Linq4() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var waCustomers =
from cust in customers
where cust.Region == "WA"
select cust;
Console.WriteLine("Customers from Washington and their orders:");
foreach (var customer in waCustomers)
{
Console.WriteLine("Customer {0}: {1}", customer.CustomerID, customer.CompanyName);
foreach (var order in customer.Orders)
{
Console.WriteLine(" Order {0}: {1}", order.OrderID, order.OrderDate);
}
}
}
[Category("Restriction Operators")]
[Title("Where - Indexed")]
[Description("This sample demonstrates an indexed where clause that returns digits whose name is " +
"shorter than their value.")]
public void Linq5() {
string[] digits = { "zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine" };
var shortDigits = digits.Where((digit, index) => digit.Length < index);
Console.WriteLine("Short digits:");
foreach (var d in shortDigits)
{
Console.WriteLine("The word {0} is shorter than its value.", d);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("Select - Simple 1")]
[Description("This sample uses the select clause to produce a sequence of ints one higher than " +
"those in an existing array of ints.")]
public void Linq6() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var numsPlusOne =
from num in numbers
select num + 1;
Console.WriteLine("Numbers + 1:");
foreach (var i in numsPlusOne) {
Console.WriteLine(i);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("Select - Simple 2")]
[Description("This sample uses the select clause to return a sequence of product names.")]
public void Linq7() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var productNames =
from prod in products
select prod.ProductName;
Console.WriteLine("Product Names:");
foreach (var productName in productNames) {
Console.WriteLine(productName);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("Select - Transformation")]
[Description("This sample uses the select clause to produce a sequence of strings representing " +
"the text version of a sequence of ints.")]
public void Linq8() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
string[] strings = { "zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine" };
var textNums =
from num in numbers
select strings[num];
Console.WriteLine("Number strings:");
foreach (var str in textNums) {
Console.WriteLine(str);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("Select - Anonymous Types 1")]
[Description("This sample uses the select clause to produce a sequence of the uppercase " +
"and lowercase versions of each word in the original array.")]
public void Linq9() {
string[] words = { "aPPLE", "BlUeBeRrY", "cHeRry" };
var upperLowerWords =
from word in words
select new {Upper = word.ToUpper(), Lower = word.ToLower()};
foreach (var wordPair in upperLowerWords) {
Console.WriteLine("Uppercase: {0}, Lowercase: {1}", wordPair.Upper, wordPair.Lower);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("Select - Anonymous Types 2")]
[Description("This sample uses the select clause to produce a sequence containing text " +
"representations of digits and a Boolean that specifies whether the text length is even or odd.")]
public void Linq10() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
string[] strings = { "zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine" };
var digitOddEvens =
from num in numbers
select new {Digit = strings[num], Even = (num % 2 == 0)};
foreach (var digit in digitOddEvens) {
Console.WriteLine("The digit {0} is {1}.", digit.Digit, digit.Even ? "even" : "odd");
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("Select - Anonymous Types 3")]
[Description("This sample uses the select clause to produce a sequence containing some properties " +
"of Products, including UnitPrice which is renamed to Price " +
"in the resulting type.")]
public void Linq11() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var productInfos =
from prod in products
select new {prod.ProductName, prod.Category, Price = prod.UnitPrice};
Console.WriteLine("Product Info:");
foreach (var productInfo in productInfos) {
Console.WriteLine("{0} is in the category {1} and costs {2} per unit.", productInfo.ProductName, productInfo.Category, productInfo.Price);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("Select - Indexed")]
[Description("This sample uses an indexed Select clause to determine if the value of ints " +
"in an array match their position in the array.")]
public void Linq12() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var numsInPlace = numbers.Select((num, index) => new {Num = num, InPlace = (num == index)});
Console.WriteLine("Number: In-place?");
foreach (var n in numsInPlace) {
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", n.Num, n.InPlace);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("Select - Filtered")]
[Description("This sample combines select and where to make a simple query that returns " +
"the text form of each digit less than 5.")]
public void Linq13() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
string[] digits = { "zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine" };
var lowNums =
from num in numbers
where num < 5
select digits[num];
Console.WriteLine("Numbers < 5:");
foreach (var num in lowNums) {
Console.WriteLine(num);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("SelectMany - Compound from 1")]
[Description("This sample uses a compound from clause to make a query that returns all pairs " +
"of numbers from both arrays in which the number from numbersA is less than the number " +
"from numbersB.")]
public void Linq14() {
int[] numbersA = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 };
int[] numbersB = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 };
var pairs =
from a in numbersA
from b in numbersB
where a < b
select new {a, b};
Console.WriteLine("Pairs where a < b:");
foreach (var pair in pairs) {
Console.WriteLine("{0} is less than {1}", pair.a, pair.b);
}
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("SelectMany - Compound from 2")]
[Description("This sample uses a compound from clause to select all orders where the " +
"order total is less than 500.00.")]
public void Linq15() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var orders =
from cust in customers
from order in cust.Orders
where order.Total < 500.00M
select new {cust.CustomerID, order.OrderID, order.Total};
ObjectDumper.Write(orders);
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("SelectMany - Compound from 3")]
[Description("This sample uses a compound from clause to select all orders where the " +
"order was made in 1998 or later.")]
public void Linq16() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var orders =
from cust in customers
from order in cust.Orders
where order.OrderDate >= new DateTime(1998, 1, 1)
select new {cust.CustomerID, order.OrderID, order.OrderDate};
ObjectDumper.Write(orders);
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("SelectMany - With let")]
[Description("This sample uses a compound from clause to select all orders where the " +
"order total is greater than 2000.00 and uses a let clause to avoid " +
"requesting the total twice.")]
public void Linq17() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var orders =
from cust in customers
from order in cust.Orders
let total = order.Total
where total >= 2000.0M
select new {cust.CustomerID, order.OrderID, total};
ObjectDumper.Write(orders);
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("SelectMany - Compound from")]
[Description("This sample uses compound from clauses so that filtering on customers can " +
"be done before selecting their orders. This makes the query more efficient by " +
"not selecting and then discarding orders for customers outside of Washington.")]
public void Linq18() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
DateTime cutoffDate = new DateTime(1997, 1, 1);
var orders =
from cust in customers
where cust.Region == "WA"
from order in cust.Orders
where order.OrderDate >= cutoffDate
select new {cust.CustomerID, order.OrderID};
ObjectDumper.Write(orders);
}
[Category("Projection Operators")]
[Title("SelectMany - Indexed")]
[Description("This sample uses an indexed SelectMany clause to select all orders, " +
"while referring to customers by the order in which they are returned " +
"from the query.")]
public void Linq19() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var customerOrders =
customers.SelectMany(
(cust, custIndex) =>
cust.Orders.Select(o => "Customer #" + (custIndex + 1) +
" has an order with OrderID " + o.OrderID));
ObjectDumper.Write(customerOrders);
}
[Category("Partitioning Operators")]
[Title("Take - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Take to get only the first 3 elements of " +
"the array.")]
public void Linq20() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var first3Numbers = numbers.Take(3);
Console.WriteLine("First 3 numbers:");
foreach (var n in first3Numbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Partitioning Operators")]
[Title("Take - Nested")]
[Description("This sample uses Take to get the first 3 orders from customers " +
"in Washington.")]
public void Linq21() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var first3WAOrders = (
from cust in customers
from order in cust.Orders
where cust.Region == "WA"
select new {cust.CustomerID, order.OrderID, order.OrderDate} )
.Take(3);
Console.WriteLine("First 3 orders in WA:");
foreach (var order in first3WAOrders) {
ObjectDumper.Write(order);
}
}
[Category("Partitioning Operators")]
[Title("Skip - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Skip to get all but the first four elements of " +
"the array.")]
public void Linq22() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var allButFirst4Numbers = numbers.Skip(4);
Console.WriteLine("All but first 4 numbers:");
foreach (var n in allButFirst4Numbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Partitioning Operators")]
[Title("Skip - Nested")]
[Description("This sample uses Take to get all but the first 2 orders from customers " +
"in Washington.")]
public void Linq23() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var waOrders =
from cust in customers
from order in cust.Orders
where cust.Region == "WA"
select new {cust.CustomerID, order.OrderID, order.OrderDate};
var allButFirst2Orders = waOrders.Skip(2);
Console.WriteLine("All but first 2 orders in WA:");
foreach (var order in allButFirst2Orders) {
ObjectDumper.Write(order);
}
}
[Category("Partitioning Operators")]
[Title("TakeWhile - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses TakeWhile to return elements starting from the " +
"beginning of the array until a number is read whose value is not less than 6.")]
public void Linq24() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var firstNumbersLessThan6 = numbers.TakeWhile(n => n < 6);
Console.WriteLine("First numbers less than 6:");
foreach (var num in firstNumbersLessThan6) {
Console.WriteLine(num);
}
}
[Category("Partitioning Operators")]
[Title("TakeWhile - Indexed")]
[Description("This sample uses TakeWhile to return elements starting from the " +
"beginning of the array until a number is hit that is less than its position " +
"in the array.")]
public void Linq25() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var firstSmallNumbers = numbers.TakeWhile((n, index) => n >= index);
Console.WriteLine("First numbers not less than their position:");
foreach (var n in firstSmallNumbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Partitioning Operators")]
[Title("SkipWhile - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses SkipWhile to get the elements of the array " +
"starting from the first element divisible by 3.")]
public void Linq26() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
// In the lambda expression, 'n' is the input parameter that identifies each
// element in the collection in succession. It is is inferred to be
// of type int because numbers is an int array.
var allButFirst3Numbers = numbers.SkipWhile(n => n % 3 != 0);
Console.WriteLine("All elements starting from first element divisible by 3:");
foreach (var n in allButFirst3Numbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Partitioning Operators")]
[Title("SkipWhile - Indexed")]
[Description("This sample uses SkipWhile to get the elements of the array " +
"starting from the first element less than its position.")]
public void Linq27() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var laterNumbers = numbers.SkipWhile((n, index) => n >= index);
Console.WriteLine("All elements starting from first element less than its position:");
foreach (var n in laterNumbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("OrderBy - Simple 1")]
[Description("This sample uses orderby to sort a list of words alphabetically.")]
public void Linq28() {
string[] words = { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
var sortedWords =
from word in words
orderby word
select word;
Console.WriteLine("The sorted list of words:");
foreach (var w in sortedWords) {
Console.WriteLine(w);
}
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("OrderBy - Simple 2")]
[Description("This sample uses orderby to sort a list of words by length.")]
public void Linq29() {
string[] words = { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
var sortedWords =
from word in words
orderby word.Length
select word;
Console.WriteLine("The sorted list of words (by length):");
foreach (var w in sortedWords) {
Console.WriteLine(w);
}
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("OrderBy - Simple 3")]
[Description("This sample uses orderby to sort a list of products by name. " +
"Use the \"descending\" keyword at the end of the clause to perform a reverse ordering.")]
public void Linq30() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var sortedProducts =
from prod in products
orderby prod.ProductName
select prod;
ObjectDumper.Write(sortedProducts);
}
// Custom comparer for use with ordering operators
public class CaseInsensitiveComparer : IComparer<string>
{
public int Compare(string x, string y)
{
return string.Compare(x, y, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
}
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("OrderBy - Comparer")]
[Description("This sample uses an OrderBy clause with a custom comparer to " +
"do a case-insensitive sort of the words in an array.")]
[LinkedClass("CaseInsensitiveComparer")]
public void Linq31() {
string[] words = { "aPPLE", "AbAcUs", "bRaNcH", "BlUeBeRrY", "ClOvEr", "cHeRry"};
var sortedWords = words.OrderBy(a => a, new CaseInsensitiveComparer());
ObjectDumper.Write(sortedWords);
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("OrderByDescending - Simple 1")]
[Description("This sample uses orderby and descending to sort a list of " +
"doubles from highest to lowest.")]
public void Linq32() {
double[] doubles = { 1.7, 2.3, 1.9, 4.1, 2.9 };
var sortedDoubles =
from d in doubles
orderby d descending
select d;
Console.WriteLine("The doubles from highest to lowest:");
foreach (var d in sortedDoubles) {
Console.WriteLine(d);
}
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("OrderByDescending - Simple 2")]
[Description("This sample uses orderby to sort a list of products by units in stock " +
"from highest to lowest.")]
public void Linq33() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var sortedProducts =
from prod in products
orderby prod.UnitsInStock descending
select prod;
ObjectDumper.Write(sortedProducts);
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("OrderByDescending - Comparer")]
[Description("This sample uses method syntax to call OrderByDescending because it " +
" enables you to use a custom comparer.")]
[LinkedClass("CaseInsensitiveComparer")]
public void Linq34() {
string[] words = { "aPPLE", "AbAcUs", "bRaNcH", "BlUeBeRrY", "ClOvEr", "cHeRry"};
var sortedWords = words.OrderByDescending(a => a, new CaseInsensitiveComparer());
ObjectDumper.Write(sortedWords);
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("ThenBy - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses a compound orderby to sort a list of digits, " +
"first by length of their name, and then alphabetically by the name itself.")]
public void Linq35() {
string[] digits = { "zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine" };
var sortedDigits =
from digit in digits
orderby digit.Length, digit
select digit;
Console.WriteLine("Sorted digits:");
foreach (var d in sortedDigits) {
Console.WriteLine(d);
}
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("ThenBy - Comparer")]
[Description("The first query in this sample uses method syntax to call OrderBy and ThenBy with a custom comparer to " +
"sort first by word length and then by a case-insensitive sort of the words in an array. " +
"The second two queries show another way to perform the same task.")]
[LinkedClass("CaseInsensitiveComparer")]
public void Linq36() {
string[] words = { "aPPLE", "AbAcUs", "bRaNcH", "BlUeBeRrY", "ClOvEr", "cHeRry"};
var sortedWords =
words.OrderBy(a => a.Length)
.ThenBy(a => a, new CaseInsensitiveComparer());
// Another way. TODO is this use of ThenBy correct? It seems to work on this sample array.
var sortedWords2 =
from word in words
orderby word.Length
select word;
var sortedWords3 = sortedWords2.ThenBy(a => a, new CaseInsensitiveComparer());
ObjectDumper.Write(sortedWords);
ObjectDumper.Write(sortedWords3);
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("ThenByDescending - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses a compound orderby to sort a list of products, " +
"first by category, and then by unit price, from highest to lowest.")]
public void Linq37() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var sortedProducts =
from prod in products
orderby prod.Category, prod.UnitPrice descending
select prod;
ObjectDumper.Write(sortedProducts);
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("ThenByDescending - Comparer")]
[Description("This sample uses an OrderBy and a ThenBy clause with a custom comparer to " +
"sort first by word length and then by a case-insensitive descending sort " +
"of the words in an array.")]
[LinkedClass("CaseInsensitiveComparer")]
public void Linq38() {
string[] words = { "aPPLE", "AbAcUs", "bRaNcH", "BlUeBeRrY", "ClOvEr", "cHeRry"};
var sortedWords =
words.OrderBy(a => a.Length)
.ThenByDescending(a => a, new CaseInsensitiveComparer());
ObjectDumper.Write(sortedWords);
}
[Category("Ordering Operators")]
[Title("Reverse")]
[Description("This sample uses Reverse to create a list of all digits in the array whose " +
"second letter is 'i' that is reversed from the order in the original array.")]
public void Linq39() {
string[] digits = { "zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine" };
var reversedIDigits = (
from digit in digits
where digit[1] == 'i'
select digit)
.Reverse();
Console.WriteLine("A backwards list of the digits with a second character of 'i':");
foreach (var d in reversedIDigits) {
Console.WriteLine(d);
}
}
[Category("Grouping Operators")]
[Title("GroupBy - Simple 1")]
[Description("This sample uses group by to partition a list of numbers by " +
"their remainder when divided by 5.")]
public void Linq40() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var numberGroups =
from num in numbers
group num by num % 5 into numGroup
select new { Remainder = numGroup.Key, Numbers = numGroup };
foreach (var grp in numberGroups) {
Console.WriteLine("Numbers with a remainder of {0} when divided by 5:", grp.Remainder);
foreach (var n in grp.Numbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
}
[Category("Grouping Operators")]
[Title("GroupBy - Simple 2")]
[Description("This sample uses group by to partition a list of words by " +
"their first letter.")]
public void Linq41() {
string[] words = { "blueberry", "chimpanzee", "abacus", "banana", "apple", "cheese" };
var wordGroups =
from num in words
group num by num[0] into grp
select new { FirstLetter = grp.Key, Words = grp };
foreach (var wordgrp in wordGroups) {
Console.WriteLine("Words that start with the letter '{0}':", wordgrp.FirstLetter);
foreach (var word in wordgrp.Words) {
Console.WriteLine(word);
}
}
}
[Category("Grouping Operators")]
[Title("GroupBy - Simple 3")]
[Description("This sample uses group by to partition a list of products by category.")]
public void Linq42() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var orderGroups =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
select new { Category = prodGroup.Key, Products = prodGroup };
ObjectDumper.Write(orderGroups, 1);
}
[Category("Grouping Operators")]
[Title("GroupBy - Nested")]
[Description("This sample uses group by to partition a list of each customer's orders, " +
"first by year, and then by month.")]
public void Linq43() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var customerOrderGroups =
from cust in customers
select
new {cust.CompanyName,
YearGroups =
from order in cust.Orders
group order by order.OrderDate.Year into yearGroup
select
new {Year = yearGroup.Key,
MonthGroups =
from order in yearGroup
group order by order.OrderDate.Month into MonthGroup
select new { Month = MonthGroup.Key, Orders = MonthGroup }
}
};
ObjectDumper.Write(customerOrderGroups, 3);
}
public class AnagramEqualityComparer : IEqualityComparer<string>
{
public bool Equals(string x, string y) {
return getCanonicalString(x) == getCanonicalString(y);
}
public int GetHashCode(string obj) {
return getCanonicalString(obj).GetHashCode();
}
private string getCanonicalString(string word) {
char[] wordChars = word.ToCharArray();
Array.Sort<char>(wordChars);
return new string(wordChars);
}
}
[Category("Grouping Operators")]
[Title("GroupBy - Comparer")]
[Description("This sample uses GroupBy with method syntax to partition trimmed elements of an array using " +
"a custom comparer that matches words that are anagrams of each other.")]
[LinkedClass("AnagramEqualityComparer")]
public void Linq44() {
string[] anagrams = {"from ", " salt", " earn ", " last ", " near ", " form "};
var orderGroups = anagrams.GroupBy(w => w.Trim(), new AnagramEqualityComparer());
ObjectDumper.Write(orderGroups, 1);
}
[Category("Grouping Operators")]
[Title("GroupBy - Comparer, Mapped")]
[Description("This sample uses the GroupBy method to partition trimmed elements of an array using " +
"a custom comparer that matches words that are anagrams of each other, " +
"and then converts the results to uppercase.")]
[LinkedClass("AnagramEqualityComparer")]
public void Linq45() {
string[] anagrams = {"from ", " salt", " earn ", " last ", " near ", " form "};
var orderGroups = anagrams.GroupBy(
w => w.Trim(),
a => a.ToUpper(),
new AnagramEqualityComparer()
);
ObjectDumper.Write(orderGroups, 1);
}
[Category("Set Operators")]
[Title("Distinct - 1")]
[Description("This sample uses Distinct to remove duplicate elements in a sequence of " +
"factors of 300.")]
public void Linq46() {
int[] factorsOf300 = { 2, 2, 3, 5, 5 };
var uniqueFactors = factorsOf300.Distinct();
Console.WriteLine("Prime factors of 300:");
foreach (var f in uniqueFactors) {
Console.WriteLine(f);
}
}
[Category("Set Operators")]
[Title("Distinct - 2")]
[Description("This sample uses Distinct to find the unique Category names.")]
public void Linq47() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var categoryNames = (
from prod in products
select prod.Category)
.Distinct();
Console.WriteLine("Category names:");
foreach (var n in categoryNames) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Set Operators")]
[Title("Union - 1")]
[Description("This sample uses Union to create one sequence that contains the unique values " +
"from both arrays.")]
public void Linq48() {
int[] numbersA = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 };
int[] numbersB = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 };
var uniqueNumbers = numbersA.Union(numbersB);
Console.WriteLine("Unique numbers from both arrays:");
foreach (var n in uniqueNumbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Set Operators")]
[Title("Union - 2")]
[Description("This sample uses the Union method to create one sequence that contains the unique first letter " +
"from both product and customer names. Union is only available through method syntax.")]
public void Linq49() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var productFirstChars =
from prod in products
select prod.ProductName[0];
var customerFirstChars =
from cust in customers
select cust.CompanyName[0];
var uniqueFirstChars = productFirstChars.Union(customerFirstChars);
Console.WriteLine("Unique first letters from Product names and Customer names:");
foreach (var ch in uniqueFirstChars) {
Console.WriteLine(ch);
}
}
[Category("Set Operators")]
[Title("Intersect - 1")]
[Description("This sample uses Intersect to create one sequence that contains the common values " +
"shared by both arrays.")]
public void Linq50() {
int[] numbersA = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 };
int[] numbersB = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 };
var commonNumbers = numbersA.Intersect(numbersB);
Console.WriteLine("Common numbers shared by both arrays:");
foreach (var n in commonNumbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Set Operators")]
[Title("Intersect - 2")]
[Description("This sample uses Intersect to create one sequence that contains the common first letter " +
"from both product and customer names.")]
public void Linq51() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var productFirstChars =
from prod in products
select prod.ProductName[0];
var customerFirstChars =
from cust in customers
select cust.CompanyName[0];
var commonFirstChars = productFirstChars.Intersect(customerFirstChars);
Console.WriteLine("Common first letters from Product names and Customer names:");
foreach (var ch in commonFirstChars) {
Console.WriteLine(ch);
}
}
[Category("Set Operators")]
[Title("Except - 1")]
[Description("This sample uses Except to create a sequence that contains the values from numbersA" +
"that are not also in numbersB.")]
public void Linq52() {
int[] numbersA = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 };
int[] numbersB = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 };
IEnumerable<int> aOnlyNumbers = numbersA.Except(numbersB);
Console.WriteLine("Numbers in first array but not second array:");
foreach (var n in aOnlyNumbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Set Operators")]
[Title("Except - 2")]
[Description("This sample uses Except to create one sequence that contains the first letters " +
"of product names that are not also first letters of customer names.")]
public void Linq53() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var productFirstChars =
from prod in products
select prod.ProductName[0];
var customerFirstChars =
from cust in customers
select cust.CompanyName[0];
var productOnlyFirstChars = productFirstChars.Except(customerFirstChars);
Console.WriteLine("First letters from Product names, but not from Customer names:");
foreach (var ch in productOnlyFirstChars) {
Console.WriteLine(ch);
}
}
[Category("Conversion Operators")]
[Title("ToArray")]
[Description("This sample uses ToArray to immediately evaluate a sequence into an array.")]
public void Linq54() {
double[] doubles = { 1.7, 2.3, 1.9, 4.1, 2.9 };
var sortedDoubles =
from d in doubles
orderby d descending
select d;
var doublesArray = sortedDoubles.ToArray();
Console.WriteLine("Every other double from highest to lowest:");
for (int d = 0; d < doublesArray.Length; d += 2) {
Console.WriteLine(doublesArray[d]);
}
}
[Category("Conversion Operators")]
[Title("ToList")]
[Description("This sample uses ToList to immediately evaluate a sequence into a List<T>.")]
public void Linq55() {
string[] words = { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
var sortedWords =
from w in words
orderby w
select w;
var wordList = sortedWords.ToList();
Console.WriteLine("The sorted word list:");
foreach (var w in wordList) {
Console.WriteLine(w);
}
}
[Category("Conversion Operators")]
[Title("ToDictionary")]
[Description("This sample uses ToDictionary to immediately evaluate a sequence and a " +
"related key expression into a dictionary.")]
public void Linq56() {
var scoreRecords = new [] { new {Name = "Alice", Score = 50},
new {Name = "Bob" , Score = 40},
new {Name = "Cathy", Score = 45}
};
var scoreRecordsDict = scoreRecords.ToDictionary(sr => sr.Name);
Console.WriteLine("Bob's score: {0}", scoreRecordsDict["Bob"]);
}
[Category("Conversion Operators")]
[Title("OfType")]
[Description("This sample uses OfType to return only the elements of the array that are of type double.")]
public void Linq57() {
object[] numbers = { null, 1.0, "two", 3, "four", 5, "six", 7.0 };
var doubles = numbers.OfType<double>();
Console.WriteLine("Numbers stored as doubles:");
foreach (var d in doubles) {
Console.WriteLine(d);
}
}
[Category("Element Operators")]
[Title("First - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses First to return the first matching element " +
"as a Product, instead of as a sequence containing a Product.")]
public void Linq58() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
Product product12 = (
from prod in products
where prod.ProductID == 12
select prod)
.First();
ObjectDumper.Write(product12);
}
[Category("Element Operators")]
[Title("First - Condition")]
[Description("This sample uses First to find the first element in the array that starts with 'o'.")]
public void Linq59() {
string[] strings = { "zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine" };
string startsWithO = strings.First(s => s[0] == 'o');
Console.WriteLine("A string starting with 'o': {0}", startsWithO);
}
[Category("Element Operators")]
[Title("FirstOrDefault - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses FirstOrDefault to try to return the first element of the sequence, " +
"unless there are no elements, in which case the default value for that type " +
"is returned. FirstOrDefault is useful for creating outer joins.")]
public void Linq61() {
int[] numbers = {};
int firstNumOrDefault = numbers.FirstOrDefault();
Console.WriteLine(firstNumOrDefault);
}
[Category("Element Operators")]
[Title("FirstOrDefault - Condition")]
[Description("This sample uses FirstOrDefault to return the first product whose ProductID is 789 " +
"as a single Product object, unless there is no match, in which case null is returned.")]
public void Linq62() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
Product product789 = products.FirstOrDefault(p => p.ProductID == 789);
Console.WriteLine("Product 789 exists: {0}", product789 != null);
}
[Category("Element Operators")]
[Title("ElementAt")]
[Description("This sample uses ElementAt to retrieve the second number greater than 5 " +
"from an array.")]
public void Linq64() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
int fourthLowNum = (
from num in numbers
where num > 5
select num )
.ElementAt(1); // second number is index 1 because sequences use 0-based indexing
Console.WriteLine("Second number > 5: {0}", fourthLowNum);
}
[Category("Generation Operators")]
[Title("Range")]
[Description("This sample uses Range to generate a sequence of numbers from 100 to 149 " +
"that is used to find which numbers in that range are odd and even.")]
public void Linq65() {
var numbers =
from n in Enumerable.Range(100, 50)
select new {Number = n, OddEven = n % 2 == 1 ? "odd" : "even"};
foreach (var n in numbers) {
Console.WriteLine("The number {0} is {1}.", n.Number, n.OddEven);
}
}
[Category("Generation Operators")]
[Title("Repeat")]
[Description("This sample uses Repeat to generate a sequence that contains the number 7 ten times.")]
public void Linq66() {
var numbers = Enumerable.Repeat(7, 10);
foreach (var n in numbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Quantifiers")]
[Title("Any - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Any to determine if any of the words in the array " +
"contain the substring 'ei'.")]
public void Linq67() {
string[] words = { "believe", "relief", "receipt", "field" };
bool iAfterE = words.Any(w => w.Contains("ei"));
//DONE fixed typo in writeline
Console.WriteLine("There is a word in the list that contains 'ei': {0}", iAfterE);
}
[Category("Quantifiers")]
[Title("Any - Grouped")]
[Description("This sample uses Any to return a grouped a list of products only for categories " +
"that have at least one product that is out of stock.")]
public void Linq69() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var productGroups =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
where prodGroup.Any(p => p.UnitsInStock == 0)
select new { Category = prodGroup.Key, Products = prodGroup };
ObjectDumper.Write(productGroups, 1);
}
[Category("Quantifiers")]
[Title("All - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses All to determine whether an array contains " +
"only odd numbers.")]
public void Linq70() {
int[] numbers = { 1, 11, 3, 19, 41, 65, 19 };
bool onlyOdd = numbers.All(n => n % 2 == 1);
Console.WriteLine("The list contains only odd numbers: {0}", onlyOdd);
}
[Category("Quantifiers")]
[Title("All - Grouped")]
[Description("This sample uses All to return a grouped a list of products only for categories " +
"that have all of their products in stock.")]
public void Linq72() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var productGroups =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
where prodGroup.All(p => p.UnitsInStock > 0)
select new { Category = prodGroup.Key, Products = prodGroup };
ObjectDumper.Write(productGroups, 1);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Count - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Count to get the number of unique prime factors of 300.")]
public void Linq73() {
int[] primeFactorsOf300 = { 2, 2, 3, 5, 5 };
int uniqueFactors = primeFactorsOf300.Distinct().Count();
Console.WriteLine("There are {0} unique prime factors of 300.", uniqueFactors);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Count - Conditional")]
[Description("This sample uses Count to get the number of odd ints in the array.")]
public void Linq74() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
int oddNumbers = numbers.Count(n => n % 2 == 1);
Console.WriteLine("There are {0} odd numbers in the list.", oddNumbers);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Count - Nested")]
[Description("This sample uses Count to return a list of customers and how many orders " +
"each has.")]
public void Linq76() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
var orderCounts =
from cust in customers
select new {cust.CustomerID, OrderCount = cust.Orders.Count()};
ObjectDumper.Write(orderCounts);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Count - Grouped")]
[Description("This sample uses Count to return a list of categories and how many products " +
"each has.")]
public void Linq77() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var categoryCounts =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
select new {Category = prodGroup.Key, ProductCount = prodGroup.Count()};
ObjectDumper.Write(categoryCounts);
}
//DONE Changed "get the total of" to "add all"
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Sum - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Sum to add all the numbers in an array.")]
public void Linq78() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
double numSum = numbers.Sum();
Console.WriteLine("The sum of the numbers is {0}.", numSum);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Sum - Projection")]
[Description("This sample uses Sum to get the total number of characters of all words " +
"in the array.")]
public void Linq79() {
string[] words = { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
double totalChars = words.Sum(w => w.Length);
Console.WriteLine("There are a total of {0} characters in these words.", totalChars);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Sum - Grouped")]
[Description("This sample uses Sum to get the total units in stock for each product category.")]
public void Linq80() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var categories =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
select new {Category = prodGroup.Key, TotalUnitsInStock = prodGroup.Sum(p => p.UnitsInStock)};
ObjectDumper.Write(categories);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Min - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Min to get the lowest number in an array.")]
public void Linq81() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
int minNum = numbers.Min();
Console.WriteLine("The minimum number is {0}.", minNum);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Min - Projection")]
[Description("This sample uses Min to get the length of the shortest word in an array.")]
public void Linq82() {
string[] words = { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
int shortestWord = words.Min(w => w.Length);
Console.WriteLine("The shortest word is {0} characters long.", shortestWord);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Min - Grouped")]
[Description("This sample uses Min to get the cheapest price among each category's products.")]
public void Linq83() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var categories =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
select new {Category = prodGroup.Key, CheapestPrice = prodGroup.Min(p => p.UnitPrice)};
ObjectDumper.Write(categories);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Min - Elements")]
[Description("This sample uses Min to get the products with the lowest price in each category.")]
public void Linq84() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var categories =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
let minPrice = prodGroup.Min(p => p.UnitPrice)
select new {Category = prodGroup.Key, CheapestProducts = prodGroup.Where(p => p.UnitPrice == minPrice)};
ObjectDumper.Write(categories, 1);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Max - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Max to get the highest number in an array. Note that the method returns a single value.")]
public void Linq85() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
int maxNum = numbers.Max();
Console.WriteLine("The maximum number is {0}.", maxNum);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Max - Projection")]
[Description("This sample uses Max to get the length of the longest word in an array.")]
public void Linq86() {
string[] words = { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
int longestLength = words.Max(w => w.Length);
Console.WriteLine("The longest word is {0} characters long.", longestLength);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Max - Grouped")]
[Description("This sample uses Max to get the most expensive price among each category's products.")]
public void Linq87() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var categories =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
select new {Category = prodGroup.Key, MostExpensivePrice = prodGroup.Max(p => p.UnitPrice)};
ObjectDumper.Write(categories);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Max - Elements")]
[Description("This sample uses Max to get the products with the most expensive price in each category.")]
public void Linq88() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var categories =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
let maxPrice = prodGroup.Max(p => p.UnitPrice)
select new {Category = prodGroup.Key, MostExpensiveProducts = prodGroup.Where(p => p.UnitPrice == maxPrice)};
ObjectDumper.Write(categories, 1);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Average - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Average to get the average of all numbers in an array.")]
public void Linq89() {
int[] numbers = { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
double averageNum = numbers.Average();
Console.WriteLine("The average number is {0}.", averageNum);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Average - Projection")]
[Description("This sample uses Average to get the average length of the words in the array.")]
public void Linq90() {
string[] words = { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
double averageLength = words.Average(w => w.Length);
Console.WriteLine("The average word length is {0} characters.", averageLength);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Average - Grouped")]
[Description("This sample uses Average to get the average price of each category's products.")]
public void Linq91() {
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var categories =
from prod in products
group prod by prod.Category into prodGroup
select new {Category = prodGroup.Key, AveragePrice = prodGroup.Average(p => p.UnitPrice)};
ObjectDumper.Write(categories);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Aggregate - Simple")]
[Description("This sample uses Aggregate to create a running product on the array that " +
"calculates the total product of all elements.")]
public void Linq92() {
double[] doubles = { 1.7, 2.3, 1.9, 4.1, 2.9 };
double product = doubles.Aggregate((runningProduct, nextFactor) => runningProduct * nextFactor);
Console.WriteLine("Total product of all numbers: {0}", product);
}
[Category("Aggregate Operators")]
[Title("Aggregate - Seed")]
[Description("This sample uses Aggregate to create a running account balance that " +
"subtracts each withdrawal from the initial balance of 100, as long as " +
"the balance never drops below 0.")]
public void Linq93() {
double startBalance = 100.0;
int[] attemptedWithdrawals = { 20, 10, 40, 50, 10, 70, 30 };
double endBalance =
attemptedWithdrawals.Aggregate(startBalance,
(balance, nextWithdrawal) =>
( (nextWithdrawal <= balance) ? (balance - nextWithdrawal) : balance ) );
Console.WriteLine("Ending balance: {0}", endBalance);
}
[Category("Miscellaneous Operators")]
[Title("Concat - 1")]
[Description("This sample uses Concat to create one sequence that contains each array's " +
"values, one after the other.")]
public void Linq94() {
int[] numbersA = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 };
int[] numbersB = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 };
var allNumbers = numbersA.Concat(numbersB);
Console.WriteLine("All numbers from both arrays:");
foreach (var n in allNumbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Miscellaneous Operators")]
[Title("Concat - 2")]
[Description("This sample uses Concat to create one sequence that contains the names of " +
"all customers and products, including any duplicates.")]
public void Linq95() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var customerNames =
from cust in customers
select cust.CompanyName;
var productNames =
from prod in products
select prod.ProductName;
var allNames = customerNames.Concat(productNames);
Console.WriteLine("Customer and product names:");
foreach (var n in allNames) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Miscellaneous Operators")]
[Title("EqualAll - 1")]
[Description("This sample uses SequenceEquals to see if two sequences match on all elements " +
"in the same order.")]
public void Linq96() {
var wordsA = new string[] { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
var wordsB = new string[] { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
bool match = wordsA.SequenceEqual(wordsB);
Console.WriteLine("The sequences match: {0}", match);
}
[Category("Miscellaneous Operators")]
[Title("EqualAll - 2")]
[Description("This sample uses SequenceEqual to see if two sequences match on all elements " +
"in the same order.")]
public void Linq97() {
var wordsA = new string[] { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
var wordsB = new string[] { "apple", "blueberry", "cherry" };
bool match = wordsA.SequenceEqual(wordsB);
Console.WriteLine("The sequences match: {0}", match);
}
[Category("Query Execution")]
[Title("Deferred Execution")]
[Description("The following sample shows how query execution is deferred until the query is " +
"enumerated at a foreach statement.")]
public void Linq99() {
// Queries are not executed until you enumerate over them.
int[] numbers = new int[] { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
int i = 0;
var simpleQuery =
from num in numbers
select ++i;
// The local variable 'i' is not incremented
// until the query is executed in the foreach loop.
Console.WriteLine("The current value of i is {0}", i); //i is still zero
foreach (var item in simpleQuery) {
Console.WriteLine("v = {0}, i = {1}", item, i); // now i is incremented
}
}
[Category("Query Execution")]
[Title("Immediate Execution")]
[Description("The following sample shows how queries can be executed immediately, and their results " +
" stored in memory, with methods such as ToList.")]
public void Linq100() {
// Methods like ToList(), Max(), and Count() cause the query to be
// executed immediately.
int[] numbers = new int[] { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
int i = 0;
var immediateQuery = (
from num in numbers
select ++i )
.ToList();
Console.WriteLine("The current value of i is {0}", i); //i has been incremented
foreach (var item in immediateQuery) {
Console.WriteLine("v = {0}, i = {1}", item, i);
}
}
[Category("Query Execution")]
[Title("Query Reuse")]
[Description("The following sample shows how, because of deferred execution, queries can be used " +
"again after data changes and will then operate on the new data.")]
public void Linq101() {
// Deferred execution lets us define a query once
// and then reuse it later in various ways.
int[] numbers = new int[] { 5, 4, 1, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0 };
var lowNumbers =
from num in numbers
where num <= 3
select num;
Console.WriteLine("First run numbers <= 3:");
foreach (int n in lowNumbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
// Query the original query.
var lowEvenNumbers =
from num in lowNumbers
where num % 2 == 0
select num;
Console.WriteLine("Run lowEvenNumbers query:");
foreach (int n in lowEvenNumbers)
{
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
// Modify the source data.
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
numbers[i] = -numbers[i];
}
// During this second run, the same query object,
// lowNumbers, will be iterating over the new state
// of numbers[], producing different results:
Console.WriteLine("Second run numbers <= 3:");
foreach (int n in lowNumbers) {
Console.WriteLine(n);
}
}
[Category("Join Operators")]
[Title("Inner Join")]
[Description("This sample shows how to perform a simple inner equijoin of two sequences to " +
"to produce a flat result set that consists of each element in suppliers that has a matching element " +
"in customers.")]
public void Linq102() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
List<Supplier> suppliers = GetSupplierList();
var custSupJoin =
from sup in suppliers
join cust in customers on sup.Country equals cust.Country
select new { Country = sup.Country, SupplierName = sup.SupplierName, CustomerName = cust.CompanyName };
foreach (var item in custSupJoin) {
Console.WriteLine("Country = {0}, Supplier = {1}, Customer = {2}", item.Country, item.SupplierName, item.CustomerName);
}
}
[Category("Join Operators")]
[Title("Group Join")]
[Description("A group join produces a hierarchical sequence. The following query is an inner join " +
" that produces a sequence of objects, each of which has a key and an inner sequence of all matching elements.")]
public void Linq103() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
List<Supplier> suppliers = GetSupplierList();
var custSupQuery =
from sup in suppliers
join cust in customers on sup.Country equals cust.Country into cs
select new { Key = sup.Country, Items = cs };
foreach (var item in custSupQuery) {
Console.WriteLine(item.Key + ":");
foreach (var element in item.Items)
{
Console.WriteLine(" " + element.CompanyName);
}
}
}
[Category("Join Operators")]
[Title("Cross Join with Group Join")]
[Description("The group join operator is more general than join, as this slightly more verbose " +
"version of the cross join sample shows.")]
public void Linq104() {
string[] categories = new string[]{
"Beverages",
"Condiments",
"Vegetables",
"Dairy Products",
"Seafood" };
List<Product> products = GetProductList();
var prodByCategory =
from cat in categories
join prod in products on cat equals prod.Category into ps
from p in ps
select new { Category = cat, p.ProductName };
foreach (var item in prodByCategory) {
Console.WriteLine(item.ProductName + ": " + item.Category);
}
}
[Category("Join Operators")]
[Title("Left Outer Join")]
[Description("A left outer join produces a result set that includes all the left hand side elements at " +
"least once, even if they don't match any right hand side elements.")]
public void Linq105() {
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
List<Supplier> suppliers = GetSupplierList();
var supplierCusts =
from sup in suppliers
join cust in customers on sup.Country equals cust.Country into cs
from c in cs.DefaultIfEmpty() // DefaultIfEmpty preserves left-hand elements that have no matches on the right side
orderby sup.SupplierName
select new { Country = sup.Country, CompanyName = c == null ? "(No customers)" : c.CompanyName,
SupplierName = sup.SupplierName};
foreach (var item in supplierCusts) {
Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1}): {2}", item.SupplierName, item.Country, item.CompanyName);
}
}
[Category("Join Operators")]
[Title("Left Outer Join No. 2")]
[Description("For each customer in the table of customers, this query returns all the suppliers " +
"from that same country, or else a string indicating that no suppliers from that country were found.")]
public void Linq106()
{
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
List<Supplier> suppliers = GetSupplierList();
var custSuppliers =
from cust in customers
join sup in suppliers on cust.Country equals sup.Country into ss
from s in ss.DefaultIfEmpty()
orderby cust.CompanyName
select new { Country = cust.Country, CompanyName = cust.CompanyName,
SupplierName = s == null ? "(No suppliers)" : s.SupplierName };
foreach (var item in custSuppliers) {
Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1}): {2}", item.CompanyName, item.Country, item.SupplierName);
}
}
[Category("Join Operators")]
[Title("Left Outer Join with Composite Key")]
[Description("For each supplier in the table of suppliers, this query returns all the customers " +
"from the same city and country, or else a string indicating that no customers from that city/country were found. " +
"Note the use of anonymous types to encapsulate the multiple key values.")]
public void Linq107()
{
List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();
List<Supplier> suppliers = GetSupplierList();
var supplierCusts =
from sup in suppliers
join cust in customers on new { sup.City, sup.Country } equals new { cust.City, cust.Country } into cs
from c in cs.DefaultIfEmpty() //Remove DefaultIfEmpty method call to make this an inner join
orderby sup.SupplierName
select new { Country = sup.Country,
City = sup.City,
SupplierName = sup.SupplierName,
CompanyName = c == null ? "(No customers)" : c.CompanyName
};
foreach (var item in supplierCusts)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1}, {2}): {3}", item.SupplierName, item.City, item.Country, item.CompanyName);
}
}
[Category("* Sample Data *")]
[Title("CustomerList / ProductList / Supplier List")]
[Description("This method displays the sample data used by the queries above. You can also see " +
"the method below that constructs the lists. ProductList and supplierList are built by using " +
"collection initializers and CustomerList uses XLinq to read its values " +
"into memory from an XML document.")]
[LinkedMethod("GetProductList")]
[LinkedMethod("GetSupplierList")]
[LinkedMethod("GetCustomerList")]
[LinkedMethod("createLists")]
public void Linq115() {
ObjectDumper.Write(GetCustomerList(), 1);
Console.WriteLine();
ObjectDumper.Write(GetProductList());
}
public List<Product> GetProductList() {
if (productList == null)
createLists();
return productList;
}
public List<Supplier> GetSupplierList()
{
if (supplierList == null)
createLists();
return supplierList;
}
public List<Customer> GetCustomerList() {
if (customerList == null)
createLists();
return customerList;
}
private void createLists() {
// Product data created in-memory using collection initializer:
productList =
new List<Product> {
new Product { ProductID = 1, ProductName = "Chai", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 18.0000M, UnitsInStock = 39 },
new Product { ProductID = 2, ProductName = "Chang", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 19.0000M, UnitsInStock = 17 },
new Product { ProductID = 3, ProductName = "Aniseed Syrup", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 10.0000M, UnitsInStock = 13 },
new Product { ProductID = 4, ProductName = "Chef Anton's Cajun Seasoning", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 22.0000M, UnitsInStock = 53 },
new Product { ProductID = 5, ProductName = "Chef Anton's Gumbo Mix", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 21.3500M, UnitsInStock = 0 },
new Product { ProductID = 6, ProductName = "Grandma's Boysenberry Spread", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 25.0000M, UnitsInStock = 120 },
new Product { ProductID = 7, ProductName = "Uncle Bob's Organic Dried Pears", Category = "Produce", UnitPrice = 30.0000M, UnitsInStock = 15 },
new Product { ProductID = 8, ProductName = "Northwoods Cranberry Sauce", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 40.0000M, UnitsInStock = 6 },
new Product { ProductID = 9, ProductName = "Mishi Kobe Niku", Category = "Meat/Poultry", UnitPrice = 97.0000M, UnitsInStock = 29 },
new Product { ProductID = 10, ProductName = "Ikura", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 31.0000M, UnitsInStock = 31 },
new Product { ProductID = 11, ProductName = "Queso Cabrales", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 21.0000M, UnitsInStock = 22 },
new Product { ProductID = 12, ProductName = "Queso Manchego La Pastora", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 38.0000M, UnitsInStock = 86 },
new Product { ProductID = 13, ProductName = "Konbu", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 6.0000M, UnitsInStock = 24 },
new Product { ProductID = 14, ProductName = "Tofu", Category = "Produce", UnitPrice = 23.2500M, UnitsInStock = 35 },
new Product { ProductID = 15, ProductName = "Genen Shouyu", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 15.5000M, UnitsInStock = 39 },
new Product { ProductID = 16, ProductName = "Pavlova", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 17.4500M, UnitsInStock = 29 },
new Product { ProductID = 17, ProductName = "Alice Mutton", Category = "Meat/Poultry", UnitPrice = 39.0000M, UnitsInStock = 0 },
new Product { ProductID = 18, ProductName = "Carnarvon Tigers", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 62.5000M, UnitsInStock = 42 },
new Product { ProductID = 19, ProductName = "Teatime Chocolate Biscuits", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 9.2000M, UnitsInStock = 25 },
new Product { ProductID = 20, ProductName = "Sir Rodney's Marmalade", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 81.0000M, UnitsInStock = 40 },
new Product { ProductID = 21, ProductName = "Sir Rodney's Scones", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 10.0000M, UnitsInStock = 3 },
new Product { ProductID = 22, ProductName = "Gustaf's Knäckebröd", Category = "Grains/Cereals", UnitPrice = 21.0000M, UnitsInStock = 104 },
new Product { ProductID = 23, ProductName = "Tunnbröd", Category = "Grains/Cereals", UnitPrice = 9.0000M, UnitsInStock = 61 },
new Product { ProductID = 24, ProductName = "Guaraná Fantástica", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 4.5000M, UnitsInStock = 20 },
new Product { ProductID = 25, ProductName = "NuNuCa Nuß-Nougat-Creme", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 14.0000M, UnitsInStock = 76 },
new Product { ProductID = 26, ProductName = "Gumbär Gummibärchen", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 31.2300M, UnitsInStock = 15 },
new Product { ProductID = 27, ProductName = "Schoggi Schokolade", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 43.9000M, UnitsInStock = 49 },
new Product { ProductID = 28, ProductName = "Rössle Sauerkraut", Category = "Produce", UnitPrice = 45.6000M, UnitsInStock = 26 },
new Product { ProductID = 29, ProductName = "Thüringer Rostbratwurst", Category = "Meat/Poultry", UnitPrice = 123.7900M, UnitsInStock = 0 },
new Product { ProductID = 30, ProductName = "Nord-Ost Matjeshering", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 25.8900M, UnitsInStock = 10 },
new Product { ProductID = 31, ProductName = "Gorgonzola Telino", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 12.5000M, UnitsInStock = 0 },
new Product { ProductID = 32, ProductName = "Mascarpone Fabioli", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 32.0000M, UnitsInStock = 9 },
new Product { ProductID = 33, ProductName = "Geitost", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 2.5000M, UnitsInStock = 112 },
new Product { ProductID = 34, ProductName = "Sasquatch Ale", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 14.0000M, UnitsInStock = 111 },
new Product { ProductID = 35, ProductName = "Steeleye Stout", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 18.0000M, UnitsInStock = 20 },
new Product { ProductID = 36, ProductName = "Inlagd Sill", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 19.0000M, UnitsInStock = 112 },
new Product { ProductID = 37, ProductName = "Gravad lax", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 26.0000M, UnitsInStock = 11 },
new Product { ProductID = 38, ProductName = "Côte de Blaye", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 263.5000M, UnitsInStock = 17 },
new Product { ProductID = 39, ProductName = "Chartreuse verte", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 18.0000M, UnitsInStock = 69 },
new Product { ProductID = 40, ProductName = "Boston Crab Meat", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 18.4000M, UnitsInStock = 123 },
new Product { ProductID = 41, ProductName = "Jack's New England Clam Chowder", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 9.6500M, UnitsInStock = 85 },
new Product { ProductID = 42, ProductName = "Singaporean Hokkien Fried Mee", Category = "Grains/Cereals", UnitPrice = 14.0000M, UnitsInStock = 26 },
new Product { ProductID = 43, ProductName = "Ipoh Coffee", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 46.0000M, UnitsInStock = 17 },
new Product { ProductID = 44, ProductName = "Gula Malacca", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 19.4500M, UnitsInStock = 27 },
new Product { ProductID = 45, ProductName = "Rogede sild", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 9.5000M, UnitsInStock = 5 },
new Product { ProductID = 46, ProductName = "Spegesild", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 12.0000M, UnitsInStock = 95 },
new Product { ProductID = 47, ProductName = "Zaanse koeken", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 9.5000M, UnitsInStock = 36 },
new Product { ProductID = 48, ProductName = "Chocolade", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 12.7500M, UnitsInStock = 15 },
new Product { ProductID = 49, ProductName = "Maxilaku", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 20.0000M, UnitsInStock = 10 },
new Product { ProductID = 50, ProductName = "Valkoinen suklaa", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 16.2500M, UnitsInStock = 65 },
new Product { ProductID = 51, ProductName = "Manjimup Dried Apples", Category = "Produce", UnitPrice = 53.0000M, UnitsInStock = 20 },
new Product { ProductID = 52, ProductName = "Filo Mix", Category = "Grains/Cereals", UnitPrice = 7.0000M, UnitsInStock = 38 },
new Product { ProductID = 53, ProductName = "Perth Pasties", Category = "Meat/Poultry", UnitPrice = 32.8000M, UnitsInStock = 0 },
new Product { ProductID = 54, ProductName = "Tourtière", Category = "Meat/Poultry", UnitPrice = 7.4500M, UnitsInStock = 21 },
new Product { ProductID = 55, ProductName = "Pâté chinois", Category = "Meat/Poultry", UnitPrice = 24.0000M, UnitsInStock = 115 },
new Product { ProductID = 56, ProductName = "Gnocchi di nonna Alice", Category = "Grains/Cereals", UnitPrice = 38.0000M, UnitsInStock = 21 },
new Product { ProductID = 57, ProductName = "Ravioli Angelo", Category = "Grains/Cereals", UnitPrice = 19.5000M, UnitsInStock = 36 },
new Product { ProductID = 58, ProductName = "Escargots de Bourgogne", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 13.2500M, UnitsInStock = 62 },
new Product { ProductID = 59, ProductName = "Raclette Courdavault", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 55.0000M, UnitsInStock = 79 },
new Product { ProductID = 60, ProductName = "Camembert Pierrot", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 34.0000M, UnitsInStock = 19 },
new Product { ProductID = 61, ProductName = "Sirop d'érable", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 28.5000M, UnitsInStock = 113 },
new Product { ProductID = 62, ProductName = "Tarte au sucre", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 49.3000M, UnitsInStock = 17 },
new Product { ProductID = 63, ProductName = "Vegie-spread", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 43.9000M, UnitsInStock = 24 },
new Product { ProductID = 64, ProductName = "Wimmers gute Semmelknödel", Category = "Grains/Cereals", UnitPrice = 33.2500M, UnitsInStock = 22 },
new Product { ProductID = 65, ProductName = "Louisiana Fiery Hot Pepper Sauce", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 21.0500M, UnitsInStock = 76 },
new Product { ProductID = 66, ProductName = "Louisiana Hot Spiced Okra", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 17.0000M, UnitsInStock = 4 },
new Product { ProductID = 67, ProductName = "Laughing Lumberjack Lager", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 14.0000M, UnitsInStock = 52 },
new Product { ProductID = 68, ProductName = "Scottish Longbreads", Category = "Confections", UnitPrice = 12.5000M, UnitsInStock = 6 },
new Product { ProductID = 69, ProductName = "Gudbrandsdalsost", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 36.0000M, UnitsInStock = 26 },
new Product { ProductID = 70, ProductName = "Outback Lager", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 15.0000M, UnitsInStock = 15 },
new Product { ProductID = 71, ProductName = "Flotemysost", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 21.5000M, UnitsInStock = 26 },
new Product { ProductID = 72, ProductName = "Mozzarella di Giovanni", Category = "Dairy Products", UnitPrice = 34.8000M, UnitsInStock = 14 },
new Product { ProductID = 73, ProductName = "Röd Kaviar", Category = "Seafood", UnitPrice = 15.0000M, UnitsInStock = 101 },
new Product { ProductID = 74, ProductName = "Longlife Tofu", Category = "Produce", UnitPrice = 10.0000M, UnitsInStock = 4 },
new Product { ProductID = 75, ProductName = "Rhönbräu Klosterbier", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 7.7500M, UnitsInStock = 125 },
new Product { ProductID = 76, ProductName = "Lakkalikööri", Category = "Beverages", UnitPrice = 18.0000M, UnitsInStock = 57 },
new Product { ProductID = 77, ProductName = "Original Frankfurter grüne Soße", Category = "Condiments", UnitPrice = 13.0000M, UnitsInStock = 32 }
};
supplierList = new List<Supplier>(){
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Exotic Liquids", Address = "49 Gilbert St.", City = "London", Country = "UK"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "New Orleans Cajun Delights", Address = "P.O. Box 78934", City = "New Orleans", Country = "USA"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Grandma Kelly's Homestead", Address = "707 Oxford Rd.", City = "Ann Arbor", Country = "USA"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Tokyo Traders", Address = "9-8 Sekimai Musashino-shi", City = "Tokyo", Country = "Japan"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Cooperativa de Quesos 'Las Cabras'", Address = "Calle del Rosal 4", City = "Oviedo", Country = "Spain"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Mayumi's", Address = "92 Setsuko Chuo-ku", City = "Osaka", Country = "Japan"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Pavlova, Ltd.", Address = "74 Rose St. Moonie Ponds", City = "Melbourne", Country = "Australia"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Specialty Biscuits, Ltd.", Address = "29 King's Way", City = "Manchester", Country = "UK"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "PB Knäckebröd AB", Address = "Kaloadagatan 13", City = "Göteborg", Country = "Sweden"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Refrescos Americanas LTDA", Address = "Av. das Americanas 12.890", City = "Sao Paulo", Country = "Brazil"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Heli Süßwaren GmbH & Co. KG", Address = "Tiergartenstraße 5", City = "Berlin", Country = "Germany"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Plutzer Lebensmittelgroßmärkte AG", Address = "Bogenallee 51", City = "Frankfurt", Country = "Germany"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Nord-Ost-Fisch Handelsgesellschaft mbH", Address = "Frahmredder 112a", City = "Cuxhaven", Country = "Germany"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Formaggi Fortini s.r.l.", Address = "Viale Dante, 75", City = "Ravenna", Country = "Italy"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Norske Meierier", Address = "Hatlevegen 5", City = "Sandvika", Country = "Norway"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Bigfoot Breweries", Address = "3400 - 8th Avenue Suite 210", City = "Bend", Country = "USA"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Svensk Sjöföda AB", Address = "Brovallavägen 231", City = "Stockholm", Country = "Sweden"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Aux joyeux ecclésiastiques", Address = "203, Rue des Francs-Bourgeois", City = "Paris", Country = "France"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "New England Seafood Cannery", Address = "Order Processing Dept. 2100 Paul Revere Blvd.", City = "Boston", Country = "USA"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Leka Trading", Address = "471 Serangoon Loop, Suite #402", City = "Singapore", Country = "Singapore"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Lyngbysild", Address = "Lyngbysild Fiskebakken 10", City = "Lyngby", Country = "Denmark"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Zaanse Snoepfabriek", Address = "Verkoop Rijnweg 22", City = "Zaandam", Country = "Netherlands"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Karkki Oy", Address = "Valtakatu 12", City = "Lappeenranta", Country = "Finland"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "G'day, Mate", Address = "170 Prince Edward Parade Hunter's Hill", City = "Sydney", Country = "Australia"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Ma Maison", Address = "2960 Rue St. Laurent", City = "Montréal", Country = "Canada"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Pasta Buttini s.r.l.", Address = "Via dei Gelsomini, 153", City = "Salerno", Country = "Italy"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Escargots Nouveaux", Address = "22, rue H. Voiron", City = "Montceau", Country = "France"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Gai pâturage", Address = "Bat. B 3, rue des Alpes", City = "Annecy", Country = "France"},
new Supplier {SupplierName = "Forêts d'érables", Address = "148 rue Chasseur", City = "Ste-Hyacinthe", Country = "Canada"},
};
// Customer/order data read into memory from XML file using XLinq:
string customerListPath = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(dataPath, "customers.xml"));
customerList = (
from e in XDocument.Load(customerListPath).
Root.Elements("customer")
select new Customer {
CustomerID = (string)e.Element("id"),
CompanyName = (string)e.Element("name"),
Address = (string)e.Element("address"),
City = (string)e.Element("city"),
Region = (string)e.Element("region"),
PostalCode = (string)e.Element("postalcode"),
Country = (string)e.Element("country"),
Phone = (string)e.Element("phone"),
Fax = (string)e.Element("fax"),
Orders = (
from o in e.Elements("orders").Elements("order")
select new Order {
OrderID = (int)o.Element("id"),
OrderDate = (DateTime)o.Element("orderdate"),
Total = (decimal)o.Element("total") } )
.ToArray() } )
.ToList();
}
}
}
// -----------------------
// Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
// This code released under the terms of the
// Microsoft Public License (MS-PL, http://opensource.org/licenses/ms-pl.html.)
//
//Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using SampleSupport;
using System.Xml;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace SampleQueries {
[Title("101+ Linq To Xml Query Samples")]
[Prefix("XLinq")]
public class LinqToXmlSamples : SampleHarness {
public string dataPath = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, @"..\..\Data\"));
[Category("Load")]
[Title("Load document from file")]
[Description("Load an XML document from a file")]
public void XLinq1() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
Console.WriteLine(doc);
}
[Category("Load")]
[Title("Load document from string")]
[Description("Load document from string")]
public void XLinq2() {
string xml = "<book price='100' isbn='1002310'>" +
"<title>XClarity Samples</title>" +
"<author>Matt</author>" +
"</book>";
XDocument doc = XDocument.Parse(xml);
Console.WriteLine(doc);
}
//load an XML document from XmlReader
[Category("Load")]
[Title("Load document from XmlReader")]
[Description("Load an XML document from XmlReader")]
public void XLinq3() {
XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(dataPath + "bib.xml");
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(reader);
Console.WriteLine(doc);
}
[Category("Load")]
[Title("Element from XmlReader - 1")]
[Description("Construct XElement from XmlReader positioned on an element")]
public void XLinq4() {
XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
reader.Read();//move to root
reader.Read(); // move to fist customer
XElement c = (XElement)XNode.ReadFrom(reader);
Console.WriteLine(c);
}
[Category("Load")]
[Title("Element from XmlReader - 2")]
[Description("Read XElement content from XmlReader")]
public void XLinq5() {
XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(dataPath + "config.xml");
//the file has comments and whitespace at the start
reader.Read();
reader.Read();
XElement config = new XElement("appSettings",
"This content will be replaced");
config.RemoveAll();
while (!reader.EOF)
config.Add(XNode.ReadFrom(reader));
Console.WriteLine(config);
}
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("Construct an XElement from string")]
[Description("Construct an XElement from string")]
public void XLinq6() {
string xml = "<purchaseOrder price='100'>" +
"<item price='50'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"</purchaseOrder>";
XElement po = XElement.Parse(xml);
Console.WriteLine(po);
}
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("Add XML declaration to a document")]
[Description("Add XML declaration to a document")]
public void XLinq7() {
XDocument doc = new XDocument(new XDeclaration("1.0", "UTF-16", "Yes"),
new XElement("foo"));
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
doc.Save(sw);
Console.WriteLine(sw);
}
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("Computed element name")]
[Description("Computed element name")]
public void XLinq8() {
XDocument customers = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
string name = (string)customers.Elements("Root")
.Elements("Customers")
.First()
.Attribute("CustomerID");
XElement result = new XElement(name,
"Element with a computed name");
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("Document creation")]
[Description("Create a simple config file")]
public void XLinq9() {
XDocument myDocument =
new XDocument(
new XElement("configuration",
new XElement("system.web",
new XElement("membership",
new XElement("providers",
new XElement("add",
new XAttribute("name",
"WebAdminMembershipProvider"),
new XAttribute("type",
"System.Web.Administration.WebAdminMembershipProvider")))),
new XElement("httpModules",
new XElement("add",
new XAttribute("name",
"WebAdminModule"),
new XAttribute("type",
"System.Web.Administration.WebAdminModule"))),
new XElement("authentication",
new XAttribute("mode", "Windows")),
new XElement("authorization",
new XElement("deny",
new XAttribute("users", "?"))),
new XElement("identity",
new XAttribute("impersonate", "true")),
new XElement("trust",
new XAttribute("level", "full")),
new XElement("pages",
new XAttribute("validationRequest", "true")))));
Console.WriteLine(myDocument);
}
// <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
// xmlns:sql="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:mapping-schema">
// <xsd:element name="root" sql:is-constant="1">
// <xsd:complexType>
// <xsd:sequence>
// <xsd:element name="Customers" minOccurs="100" maxOccurs="unbounded">
// <xsd:complexType>
// <xsd:sequence>
// <xsd:element name="CompanyName" type="xsd:string" />
// <xsd:element name="ContactName" type="xsd:string" />
// <xsd:element name="ContactTitle" type="xsd:string" />
// <xsd:element name="Phone" type="xsd:string" />
// <xsd:element name="Fax" type="xsd:string"/>
// <xsd:element ref="FullAddress" maxOccurs="3"/>
// <xsd:element name="Date" type="xsd:date"/>
// </xsd:sequence>
// <xsd:attribute name="CustomerID" type="xsd:integer" />
// </xsd:complexType>
// </xsd:element>
// </xsd:sequence>
// </xsd:complexType>
// </xsd:element>
// <xsd:element name="FullAddress" sql:relation="Customers" sql:relationship="CustAdd" sql:key-fields="CustomerID" >
// <xsd:complexType>
// <xsd:sequence>
// <xsd:element name="Address" type="xsd:string" />
// <xsd:element name="City" type="xsd:string" />
// <xsd:element name="Region" type="xsd:string" />
// <xsd:element name="PostalCode" type="xsd:string" />
// <xsd:element name="Country" type="xsd:string" />
// </xsd:sequence>
// </xsd:complexType>
// </xsd:element>
//</xsd:schema>
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("Create an XmlSchema")]
[Description("Create an XmlSchema")]
public void XLinq10() {
XNamespace XSD = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema";
XNamespace SQL = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:mapping-schema";
XElement result =
new XElement(XSD + "schema",
new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "xsd", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"),
new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "sql", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:mapping-schema"),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "root"),
new XAttribute(SQL + "is-constant", "1"),
new XElement(XSD + "complexType",
new XElement(XSD + "sequence",
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "Customers"),
new XAttribute("minOccurs", "100"),
new XAttribute("maxOccurs", "unbounded"),
new XElement(XSD + "complexType",
new XElement(XSD + "sequence",
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "CompanyName"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "ContactName"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "ContactTitle"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "Phone"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "Fax"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("ref", "FullAddress"),
new XAttribute("maxOccurs", "3")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "Date"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:date"))),
new XElement(XSD + "attribute",
new XAttribute("name", "CustomerID"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:integer"))))))),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "FullAddress"),
new XAttribute(SQL + "relation", "Customers"),
new XAttribute(SQL + "relationship", "CustAdd"),
new XAttribute(SQL + "key-fields", "CustomerID"),
new XElement(XSD + "complexType",
new XElement(XSD + "sequence",
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "Address"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "City"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "Region"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "PostalCode"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string")),
new XElement(XSD + "element",
new XAttribute("name", "Country"),
new XAttribute("type", "xsd:string"))))));
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("Construct a PI")]
[Description("Create an XML document with an XSLT PI")]
public void XLinq11() {
XDocument result = new XDocument(
new XProcessingInstruction("xml-stylesheet",
"type='text/xsl' href='diff.xsl'"),
new XElement("foo"));
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("XML comment construction")]
[Description("XML comment construction")]
public void XLinq12() {
XDocument result =
new XDocument(
new XComment("My phone book"),
new XElement("phoneBook",
new XComment("My friends"),
new XElement("Contact",
new XAttribute("name", "Ralph"),
new XElement("homephone", "425-234-4567"),
new XElement("cellphone", "206-345-75656")),
new XElement("Contact",
new XAttribute("name", "Dave"),
new XElement("homephone", "516-756-9454"),
new XElement("cellphone", "516-762-1546")),
new XComment("My family"),
new XElement("Contact",
new XAttribute("name", "Julia"),
new XElement("homephone", "425-578-1053"),
new XElement("cellphone", "")),
new XComment("My team"),
new XElement("Contact",
new XAttribute("name", "Robert"),
new XElement("homephone", "345-565-1653"),
new XElement("cellphone", "321-456-2567"))));
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("Create a CData section")]
[Description("Create a CData section")]
public void XLinq13() {
XElement e = new XElement("Dump",
new XCData("<dump>this is some xml</dump>"),
new XText("some other text"));
Console.WriteLine("Element Value: {0}", e.Value);
Console.WriteLine("Text nodes collapsed!: {0}", e.Nodes().First());
Console.WriteLine("CData preserved on serialization: {0}", e);
}
[Category("Construction")]
[Title("Create a sequence of nodes")]
[Description("Create a sequence of customer elements")]
public void XLinq14() {
var cSequence = new[] {
new XElement("customer",
new XAttribute("id","x"),"new customer"),
new XElement("customer",
new XAttribute("id","y"),"new customer"),
new XElement("customer",
new XAttribute("id","z"),"new customer")};
foreach (var c in cSequence)
Console.WriteLine(c);
}
[Category("Write")]
[Title("Write an XElement to XmlWriter")]
[Description("Write an XElement to XmlWriter using the WriteTo method")]
public void XLinq15() {
XElement po1 = new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item", "Motor",
new XAttribute("price", "100")));
XElement po2 = new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item", "Cable",
new XAttribute("price", "10")));
XElement po3 = new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item", "Switch",
new XAttribute("price", "10")));
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
settings.Indent = true;
XmlWriter w = XmlWriter.Create(sw, settings);
w.WriteStartElement("PurchaseOrders");
po1.WriteTo(w);
po2.WriteTo(w);
po3.WriteTo(w);
w.WriteEndElement();
w.Close();
Console.WriteLine(sw.ToString());
}
[Category("Write")]
[Title("Write the content of an XDocument to XmlWriter")]
[Description("Write the content of XDocument to XmlWriter using the WriteTo method")]
public void XLinq16() {
XDocument doc1 = new XDocument(
new XElement("PurchaseOrders",
new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item", "Motor",
new XAttribute("price", "100"))),
new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item", "Cable",
new XAttribute("price", "10")))));
XDocument doc2 = new XDocument(
new XElement("PurchaseOrders",
new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item", "Switch",
new XAttribute("price", "10")))));
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
XmlWriter w = XmlWriter.Create(sw);
w.WriteStartDocument();
w.WriteStartElement("AllPurchaseOrders");
doc1.Root.WriteTo(w);
doc2.Root.WriteTo(w);
w.WriteEndElement();
w.WriteEndDocument();
w.Close();
Console.WriteLine(sw.ToString());
}
[Category("Write")]
[Title("Save XDocument")]
[Description("Save XDocument using XmlWriter/TextWriter/File")]
public void XLinq17() {
XDocument doc = new XDocument(
new XElement("PurchaseOrders",
new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item",
"Motor",
new XAttribute("price", "100"))),
new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item",
"Switch",
new XAttribute("price", "10"))),
new XElement("PurchaseOrder",
new XElement("Item",
"Cable",
new XAttribute("price", "10")))));
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
//save to XmlWriter
XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
settings.Indent = true;
XmlWriter w = XmlWriter.Create(sw, settings);
doc.Save(w);
w.Close();
Console.WriteLine(sw.ToString());
//save to file
doc.Save("out.xml");
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Query for child elements")]
[Description("Select all the customers in the xml document")]
public void XLinq18() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
foreach (XElement result in doc.Elements("Root")
.Elements("Customers"))
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Query for all child elements")]
[Description("Select all the child elements of the first customer")]
public void XLinq19() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var query = doc.Element("Root")
.Element("Customers")
.Elements();
foreach (XElement result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Query for first child element - 1")]
[Description("Select the first customer in the document")]
public void XLinq20() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var result = doc.Element("Root")
.Element("Customers");
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Query for first child element - 2")]
[Description("Query for one child element on a sequence of elements")]
public void XLinq21() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var result = doc.Elements()
.Elements("Customers")
.First()
.Element("CompanyName");
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Query for attributes")]
[Description("Selects all the CustomerIDs in the xml document")]
public void XLinq22() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var query = doc.Element("Root")
.Elements("Customers")
.Attributes("CustomerID");
foreach (XAttribute result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result.Name + " = " + result.Value);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Cast an attribute to a number")]
[Description("Find orders with price > 100")]
public void XLinq23() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Modem</item>" +
"<item price='250'>Monitor</item>" +
"<item price='10'>Mouse</item>" +
"</order>";
XElement order = XElement.Parse(xml);
var query =
from
i in order.Elements("item")
where
(int)i.Attribute("price") > 100
select i;
foreach (var result in query)
Console.WriteLine("Expensive Item {0} costs {1}",
(string)result,
(string)result.Attribute("price"));
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Get the root element of a document")]
[Description("Get the root element of a document")]
public void XLinq24() {
XElement root = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "config.xml")
.Root;
Console.WriteLine("Name of root element is {0}", root.Name);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Filter query results using where")]
[Description("Filter query results using where")]
public void XLinq25() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var query =
from
c in doc.Element("Root")
.Elements("Customers")
where
c.Element("FullAddress")
.Element("Country")
.Value == "Germany"
select c;
foreach (XElement result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Select all descendants of an element")]
[Description("Select all ContactName elements in the document")]
public void XLinq26() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var query = doc.Descendants("ContactName");
foreach (XElement result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Select all descendants of a given type")]
[Description("Select all text in the document")]
public void XLinq27() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var query = doc.DescendantNodes().OfType<XText>().Select(t => t.Value);
foreach (string result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Select all ancestors")]
[Description("Check if two nodes belong to the same document")]
public void XLinq28() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XElement element1 = doc.Element("Root");
XElement element2 = doc.Descendants("Customers")
.ElementAt(3);
var query = from a in element1.AncestorsAndSelf()
from b in element2.AncestorsAndSelf()
where a == b
select a;
Console.WriteLine(query.Any());
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Query for parent")]
[Description("Query for parent of an Element")]
public void XLinq29() {
XElement item = new XElement("item-01",
"Computer");
XElement order = new XElement("order", item);
XElement p = item.Parent;
Console.WriteLine(p.Name);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Join over two sequences")]
[Description("Add customer company info to orders of the first customer")]
public void XLinq30() {
XDocument customers = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XDocument orders = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_orders.xml");
var query =
from customer in customers.Descendants("Customers").Take(1)
join order in orders.Descendants("Orders")
on (string)customer.Attribute("CustomerID") equals
(string)order.Element("CustomerID")
select
new XElement("Order",
order.Nodes(),
customer.Element("CompanyName"));
foreach (var result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Query content of a type")]
[Description("Query content of a given type of an existing element")]
public void XLinq31() {
XElement elem =
new XElement("customer",
new XElement("name",
"jack"),
"some text",
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("id",
"abc"));
//string content
foreach (XText s in elem.Nodes().OfType<XText>())
Console.WriteLine("String content: {0}", s);
//element content
foreach (XElement e in elem.Elements())
Console.WriteLine("Element content: {0}", e);
//comment content
foreach (XComment c in elem.Nodes().OfType<XComment>())
Console.WriteLine("Comment content: {0}", c);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Query using XStreamingElement")]
[Description("Query for all Swedish customer orders and Swedish orders whose freight is > 250")]
[LinkedMethod("GetSwedishFreightProfile")]
[LinkedMethod("GetSwedishCustomerOrders")]
[LinkedMethod("AddNewOrder")]
public void XLinq32() {
XDocument customers = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XDocument orders = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_orders.xml");
XStreamingElement summary = new XStreamingElement("Summary",
new XAttribute("Country", "Sweden"),
new XStreamingElement("SwedishCustomerOrders", GetSwedishCustomerOrders(customers, orders)),
new XStreamingElement("Orders", GetSwedishFreightProfile(orders)));
Console.WriteLine(summary);
//DML operation, which adds a new order for customer BERGS freight > 250
AddNewOrder(orders);
Console.WriteLine("****XStreaming Output after DML reflects new order added!!****");
Console.WriteLine(summary);
}
static void AddNewOrder(XDocument orders) {
string order = @"<Orders>
<CustomerID>BERGS</CustomerID>
<ShipInfo ShippedDate='1997-12-09T00:00:00'>
<Freight>301</Freight>
<ShipCountry>Sweden</ShipCountry>
</ShipInfo>
</Orders>";
XElement newOrder = XElement.Parse(order);
orders.Root.Add(newOrder);
}
private static IEnumerable<XElement> GetSwedishFreightProfile(XDocument orders) {
return
from
order in orders.Descendants("Orders")
where
(string)order.Element("ShipInfo").Element("ShipCountry") == "Sweden"
&& (float)order.Element("ShipInfo").Element("Freight") > 250
select
new XElement("Order",
new XAttribute("Freight",
(string)order.Element("ShipInfo").Element("Freight")));
}
private static IEnumerable<XElement> GetSwedishCustomerOrders(XDocument customers, XDocument orders) {
return
from
customer in customers.Descendants("Customers")
where
(string)customer.Element("FullAddress").Element("Country") == "Sweden"
select
new XElement("Customer",
new XAttribute("Name",
(string)customer.Element("CompanyName")),
new XAttribute("OrderCount",
(from
order in orders.Descendants("Orders")
where
(string)order.Element("CustomerID") == (string)customer.Attribute("CustomerID")
select
order).Count()));
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Positional predicate")]
[Description("Query the 3rd customer in the document")]
public void XLinq33() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var c = doc.Descendants("Customers")
.ElementAt(2);
Console.WriteLine(c);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Union two sequences of nodes")]
[Description("Union books authored by two authors: Serge and Peter")]
public void XLinq34() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
var b1 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Serge"));
var b2 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Peter"));
var books = b1.Union(b2);
foreach (var b in books)
Console.WriteLine(b);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Intersect two sequences of nodes")]
[Description("Intersect books that are common for both authors")]
public void XLinq35() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
var b1 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Serge"));
var b2 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Peter"));
var books = b1.Intersect(b2);
foreach (var b in books)
Console.WriteLine(b);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("All nodes in sequence 1 except the nodes in sequence 2")]
[Description("Find books that are authored by Peter and did not have Serge as co-author")]
public void XLinq36() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
var b1 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Serge"));
var b2 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Peter"));
var books = b2.Except(b1);
foreach (var b in books)
Console.WriteLine(b);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Reverse the order of nodes in a sequence")]
[Description("Display the path to a node")]
[LinkedMethod("PrintPath")]
public void XLinq37() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
XElement e = doc.Descendants("last")
.First();
PrintPath(e);
}
static void PrintPath(XElement e) {
var nodes = e.AncestorsAndSelf()
.Reverse();
foreach (var n in nodes)
Console.Write(n.Name + (n == e ? "" : "->"));
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Equality of sequences")]
[Description("Check if 2 sequences of nodes are equal. " +
"Did Serge and peter co-author all of their the books?")]
public void XLinq38() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
var b1 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Serge"));
var b2 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Peter"));
bool result = b2.SequenceEqual(b1);
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("TakeWhile operator")]
[Description("List books until total price is less that $150")]
public void XLinq39() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
double sum = 0;
var query = doc.Descendants("book")
.TakeWhile(c => (sum += (double)c.Element("price")) <= 150);
foreach (var result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Create a list of numbers")]
[Description("Create 5 new customers with different IDs")]
public void XLinq40() {
var query = from
i in Enumerable.Range(1, 5)
select
new XElement("Customer",
new XAttribute("id", i),
"New customer");
foreach (var result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Repeat operator")]
[Description("Initialize new orders with items")]
public void XLinq41() {
var orders = new XElement[] {
new XElement("order", new XAttribute("itemCount",5)),
new XElement("order", new XAttribute("itemCount",2)),
new XElement("order", new XAttribute("itemCount",3))};
//add empty items
foreach (var order in orders)
order.Add(Enumerable.Repeat(new XElement("item", "New item"),
(int)order.Attribute("itemCount")));
foreach (var o in orders)
Console.WriteLine(o);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Any operator")]
[Description("Check if there are any customers in Argentina")]
public void XLinq42() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
if (doc.Descendants("Country").Any(c => (string)c == "Argentina"))
Console.WriteLine("There are cusotmers in Argentina");
else
Console.WriteLine("There are no cusotmers in Argentina");
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("All operator")]
[Description("Check if all books have at least one author")]
public void XLinq43() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
bool query = doc.Descendants("book")
.All(b => b.Descendants("author").Count() > 0);
if (query)
Console.WriteLine("All books have authors");
else
Console.WriteLine("Some books dont have authors");
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Count operartor")]
[Description("Find the number of orders for a customer")]
public void XLinq44() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Orders.xml");
var query = doc.Descendants("Orders")
.Where(o => (string)o.Element("CustomerID") == "VINET");
Console.WriteLine("Customer has {0} orders", query.Count());
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Aggregate operator")]
[Description("Find tax on an order")]
[LinkedMethod("Tax")]
public void XLinq45() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"</order>";
XElement order = XElement.Parse(xml);
double tax = order.Elements("item")
.Aggregate((double)0, Tax);
Console.WriteLine("The total tax on the order @10% is ${0}", tax);
}
static double Tax(double seed, XElement item) {
return seed + (double)item.Attribute("price") * 0.1;
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Distinct operator")]
[Description("Find all the countries where there is a customer")]
public void XLinq46() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
var countries = doc.Descendants("Country")
.Select(c => (string)c)
.Distinct()
.OrderBy(c => c);
foreach (var c in countries)
Console.WriteLine(c);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Concat operator")]
[Description("List all books by Serge and Peter with co-authored books repeated")]
public void XLinq47() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
var b1 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Serge"));
var b2 = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == "Peter"));
var books = b1.Concat(b2);
foreach (var b in books)
Console.WriteLine(b);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Take operator")]
[Description("Query the first two customers")]
public void XLinq48() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
var customers = doc.Descendants("Customers").Take(2);
foreach (var c in customers)
Console.WriteLine(c);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Skip operator")]
[Description("Skip the first 3 books")]
public void XLinq49() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
var books = doc.Descendants("book").Skip(3);
foreach (var b in books)
Console.WriteLine(b);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Skip nodes based on a condition")]
[Description("Print items that dont fit in budget")]
public void XLinq50() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Modem</item>" +
"<item price='250'>Monitor</item>" +
"<item price='10'>Mouse</item>" +
"</order>";
XElement order = XElement.Parse(xml);
int sum = 0;
var items = order.Descendants("item")
.SkipWhile(i => (sum += (int)i.Attribute("price")) < 300);
foreach (var i in items)
Console.WriteLine("{0} does not fit in you budget", (string)i);
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("SelectMany operator")]
[Description("Get all books authored by Serge and Peter")]
[LinkedMethod("GetBooks")]
public void XLinq51() {
string[] authors = { "Serge", "Peter" };
var books = authors.SelectMany(a => GetBooks(a));
foreach (var b in books)
Console.WriteLine(b);
}
public IEnumerable<XElement> GetBooks(string author) {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
var query = doc.Descendants("book")
.Where(b => b.Elements("author")
.Elements("first")
.Any(f => (string)f == author));
return query;
}
[Category("Query")]
[Title("Container document")]
[Description("Find the container document of an element")]
public void XLinq52() {
XElement c = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml").Descendants("book").First();
XDocument container = c.Document;
Console.WriteLine(container);
}
[Category("Grouping")]
[Title("Group orders by customer")]
[Description("Group orders by customer")]
public void XLinq53() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_orders.xml");
var query =
from
o in doc.Descendants("Orders")
group o by
(string)o.Element("CustomerID") into oGroup
select
oGroup;
foreach (var result in query.SelectMany(g => g))
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Grouping")]
[Title("Group customers by country and city")]
[Description("Create a directory of customers grouped by country and city")]
public void XLinq54() {
XDocument customers = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XElement directory =
new XElement("directory",
from customer in customers.Descendants("Customers")
from country in customer.Elements("FullAddress").Elements("Country")
group customer by (string)country into countryGroup
let country = countryGroup.Key
select
new XElement("Country",
new XAttribute("name",
country),
new XAttribute("numberOfCustomers",
countryGroup.Count()),
from customer in countryGroup
from city in customer.Descendants("City")
group customer by (string)city into cityGroup
let city = cityGroup.Key
select
new XElement("City",
new XAttribute("name",
city),
new XAttribute("numberOfCustomers",
cityGroup.Count()),
cityGroup.Elements("ContactName"))));
Console.WriteLine(directory);
}
[Category("Grouping")]
[Title("Group orders by customer")]
[Description("Group orders by customer and return all customers (+ orders) for customers who have more than 25 orders ")]
public void XLinq55() {
XDocument customers = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XDocument orders = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_orders.xml");
XElement custOrder = new XElement("CustomerOrders",
from
order in orders.Descendants("Orders")
group order by
order.Element("CustomerID") into cust_orders
where
cust_orders.Count() > 25
select
new XElement("Customer",
new XAttribute("CustomerID", cust_orders.Key.Value),
from
customer in customers.Descendants("Customers")
where
(string)customer.Attribute("CustomerID") == (string)cust_orders.Key.Value
select
customer.Nodes(),
cust_orders));
Console.WriteLine(custOrder);
}
[Category("Sort")]
[Title("Sort customers by name")]
[Description("Sort customers by name in ascending order")]
public void XLinq56() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var query =
from
customer in doc.Descendants("Customers")
orderby
(string)customer.Elements("ContactName").First()
select
customer.Element("ContactName");
XElement result =
new XElement("SortedCustomers", query);
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Sort")]
[Title("Sort orders by date")]
[Description("Sort orders by date in ascending order")]
public void XLinq57() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_orders.xml");
var query =
from order in doc.Descendants("Orders")
let date = (DateTime)order.Element("OrderDate")
orderby date
select
new XElement("Order",
new XAttribute("date",
date),
new XAttribute("custid",
(string)order.Element("CustomerID")));
XElement result = new XElement("SortedOrders", query);
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Sort")]
[Title("Descending order")]
[Description("Sort customers by name in descending order")]
public void XLinq58() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
var query =
from
customer in doc.Descendants("Customers")
orderby
(string)customer.Elements("ContactName").First() descending
select
customer.Element("ContactName");
foreach (var result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("Sort")]
[Title("Multiple sort keys")]
[Description("Sort customers by country and city")]
public void XLinq59() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
var query =
from
customer in doc.Descendants("Customers")
orderby
(string)customer.Descendants("Country").First(),
(string)customer.Descendants("City").First()
select
customer;
foreach (var result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Add an element as the last child")]
[Description("Add an element as the last child")]
public void XLinq60() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "config.xml");
XElement config = doc.Element("config");
config.Add(new XElement("logFolder", "c:\\log"));
Console.WriteLine(config);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Add an element as the first child")]
[Description("Add an element as the first child")]
public void XLinq61() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "config.xml");
XElement config = doc.Element("config");
config.AddFirst(new XElement("logFolder", "c:\\log"));
Console.WriteLine(config);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Add multiple elements as children")]
[Description("Add multiple elements as children")]
public void XLinq62() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "config.xml");
XElement[] first = {
new XElement("logFolder", "c:\\log"),
new XElement("resultsFolders", "c:\\results")};
XElement[] last = {
new XElement("mode", "client"),
new XElement("commPort", "2")};
XElement config = doc.Element("config");
config.AddFirst(first);
config.Add(last);
Console.WriteLine(config);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Add an attribute to an element")]
[Description("Add an attribute to an element")]
public void XLinq63() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
"this is an XElement",
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.Add(new XAttribute("name", "Jack"));
Console.WriteLine("Updated element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Add content to an existing element")]
[Description("Add attributes and elements")]
public void XLinq64() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
"this is an XElement",
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
object[] additionalContent = {
new XElement("phone", "555-555-5555"),
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("name", "Jack")};
elem.Add(additionalContent);
Console.WriteLine("Updated element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Replace content of a container (element or document")]
[Description("Replace content to an existing element")]
public void XLinq65() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
"this is an XElement",
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.ReplaceNodes("this is a coustomer element");
Console.WriteLine("Updated element {0}", elem);
object[] newContent = {
"this is a customer element",
new XElement("phone", "555-555-5555"),
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("name", "Jack") };
elem.ReplaceNodes(newContent);
Console.WriteLine("Updated element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Remove content of an element")]
[Description("Remove content of an element")]
public void XLinq66() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
"this is an XElement",
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.RemoveNodes();
Console.WriteLine("Updated element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Remove all content")]
[Description("Remove all content and attributes of an element")]
public void XLinq67() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
new XElement("name", "jack"),
"this is an XElement",
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.RemoveAll();
Console.WriteLine("Stripped element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Remove all attributes")]
[Description("Remove all attributes of an element")]
public void XLinq68() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
new XAttribute("name", "jack"),
"this is an XElement",
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.RemoveAttributes();
Console.WriteLine("Stripped element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Remove an attribute of an element")]
[Description("Remove an attribute of an element")]
public void XLinq69() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
new XAttribute("name", "jack"),
"this is an XElement",
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.SetAttributeValue("id", null);
Console.WriteLine("Updated element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Update an attribute")]
[Description("Update the value of an attribute")]
public void XLinq70() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
new XAttribute("name", "jack"),
"this is an XElement",
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.SetAttributeValue("name", "David");
Console.WriteLine("Updated attribute {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Delete an element by name")]
[Description("Remove a child element by name")]
public void XLinq71() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
new XElement("name", "jack"),
"this is an XElement",
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.SetElementValue("name", null);
Console.WriteLine("Updated element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Update a child element by name")]
[Description("Update a child element by name")]
public void XLinq72() {
XElement elem = new XElement("customer",
new XElement("name", "jack"),
"this is an XElement",
new XComment("new customer"),
new XAttribute("id", "abc"));
Console.WriteLine("Original element {0}", elem);
elem.SetElementValue("name", "David");
Console.WriteLine("Updated element {0}", elem);
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Remove a list of elements")]
[Description("Remove a list of elements")]
public void XLinq73() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var elems = doc.Descendants("Customers");
Console.WriteLine("Before count {0}", elems.Count());
elems.Take(15).Remove();
Console.WriteLine("After count {0}", elems.Count());
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Remove a list of attributes")]
[Description("Remove a list of attributes")]
public void XLinq74() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var attrs = doc.Descendants("Customers")
.Attributes();
Console.WriteLine("Before count {0}", attrs.Count());
attrs.Take(15).Remove();
Console.WriteLine("After count {0}", attrs.Count());
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Add an un-parented element to an element")]
[Description("Add an un-parented element to an element")]
public void XLinq75() {
XElement e = new XElement("foo",
"this is an element");
Console.WriteLine("Parent : " +
(e.Parent == null ? "null" : e.Parent.Value));
XElement p = new XElement("bar", e); //add to document
Console.WriteLine("Parent : " +
(e.Parent == null ? "null" : e.Parent.Name));
}
[Category("DML")]
[Title("Add an parented element to a document")]
[Description("Adding a parented element to another container clones it")]
public void XLinq76() {
XElement e = new XElement("foo",
"this is an element");
XElement p1 = new XElement("p1", e);
Console.WriteLine("Parent : " + e.Parent.Name);
XElement p2 = new XElement("p2", e);
Console.WriteLine("Parent : " + e.Parent.Name);
}
[Category("Transform")]
[Title("Create a table of customers")]
[Description("Generate html with a list of customers that is numbered")]
public void XLinq77() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var header = new[]{
new XElement("th","#"),
new XElement("th",
"customer id"),
new XElement("th",
"contact name")};
int index = 0;
var rows =
from
customer in doc.Descendants("Customers")
select
new XElement("tr",
new XElement("td",
++index),
new XElement("td",
(string)customer.Attribute("CustomerID")),
new XElement("td",
(string)customer.Element("ContactName")));
XElement html = new XElement("html",
new XElement("body",
new XElement("table",
header,
rows)));
Console.Write(html);
}
[Category("Transform")]
[Title("Create html tables of books")]
[Description("Generate a html tables of books by authors")]
[LinkedMethod("GetBooksTable")]
public void XLinq78() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "bib.xml");
var content =
from b in doc.Descendants("book")
from a in b.Elements("author")
group b by (string)a.Element("first") + " " + (string)a.Element("last") into authorGroup
select new XElement("p", "Author: " + authorGroup.Key,
GetBooksTable(authorGroup));
XElement result =
new XElement("html",
new XElement("body",
content));
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
static XElement GetBooksTable(IEnumerable<XElement> books) {
var header = new XElement[]{
new XElement("th","Title"),
new XElement("th", "Year")};
var rows =
from
b in books
select
new XElement("tr",
new XElement("td",
(string)b.Element("title")),
new XElement("td",
(string)b.Attribute("year")));
return new XElement("table",
header,
rows);
}
[Category("Language Integration")]
[Title("Find all orders for customers in a List")]
[Description("Find all orders for customers in a List")]
[LinkedMethod("SomeMethodToGetCustomers")]
[LinkedClass("Customer")]
public void XLinq79() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_orders.xml");
List<Customer> customers = SomeMethodToGetCustomers();
var result =
from customer in customers
from order in doc.Descendants("Orders")
where
customer.id == (string)order.Element("CustomerID")
select
new { custid = (string)customer.id, orderdate = (string)order.Element("OrderDate") };
foreach (var tuple in result)
Console.WriteLine("Customer id = {0}, Order Date = {1}",
tuple.custid, tuple.orderdate);
}
class Customer {
public Customer(string id) { this.id = id; }
public string id;
}
static List<Customer> SomeMethodToGetCustomers() {
List<Customer> customers = new List<Customer>();
customers.Add(new Customer("VINET"));
customers.Add(new Customer("TOMSP"));
return customers;
}
[Category("Language Integration")]
[Title("Find sum of items in a shopping cart")]
[Description("Find sum of items in a shopping cart")]
[LinkedMethod("GetShoppingCart")]
[LinkedClass("Item")]
public void XLinq80() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "inventory.xml");
List<Item> cart = GetShoppingCart();
var subtotal =
from item in cart
from inventory in doc.Descendants("item")
where item.id == (string)inventory.Attribute("id")
select (double)item.quantity * (double)inventory.Element("price");
Console.WriteLine("Total payment = {0}", subtotal.Sum());
}
class Item {
public Item(string id, int quantity) {
this.id = id;
this.quantity = quantity;
}
public int quantity;
public string id;
}
static List<Item> GetShoppingCart() {
List<Item> items = new List<Item>();
items.Add(new Item("1", 10));
items.Add(new Item("5", 5));
return items;
}
[Category("Language Integration")]
[Title("Consume a config file")]
[Description("Load and use a config file")]
[LinkedMethod("Initialize")]
public void XLinq81() {
XElement config = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "config.xml").Element("config");
Initialize((string)config.Element("rootFolder"),
(int)config.Element("iterations"),
(double)config.Element("maxMemory"),
(string)config.Element("tempFolder"));
}
static void Initialize(string root, int iter, double mem, string temp) {
Console.WriteLine("Application initialized to root folder: " +
"{0}, iterations: {1}, max memory {2}, temp folder: {3}",
root, iter, Convert.ToString(mem, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture), temp);
}
[Category("Language Integration")]
[Title("Convert a Sequence of nodes to Array")]
[Description("Convert a Sequence of nodes to Array")]
public void XLinq82() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
XElement[] custArray = doc.Descendants("Customers").ToArray();
foreach (var c in custArray)
Console.WriteLine(c);
}
[Category("Language Integration")]
[Title("Convert a Sequence of nodes to List")]
[Description("Convert a Sequence of nodes to List")]
public void XLinq83() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
List<XElement> clist = doc.Descendants("Customers").ToList();
foreach (var c in clist)
Console.WriteLine(c);
}
[Category("Language Integration")]
[Title("Create a dictionary of customers")]
[Description("Create a dictionary of customers")]
public void XLinq84() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
var dictionary = doc.Descendants("Customers")
.ToDictionary(c => (string)c.Attribute("CustomerID"));
Console.WriteLine(dictionary["ALFKI"]);
}
[Category("Language Integration")]
[Title("Using anonnymous types ")]
[Description("Number all the countries and list them")]
public void XLinq85() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_Customers.xml");
var countries = doc.Descendants("Country")
.Select(c => (string)c)
.Distinct()
.Select((c, index) => new { i = index, name = c });
foreach (var c in countries)
Console.WriteLine(c.i + " " + c.name);
}
[Category("XName")]
[Title("Create elements and attributes in a namespace")]
[Description("Create elements and attributes in a namespace")]
public void XLinq86() {
XNamespace ns = "http://myNamespace";
XElement result = new XElement(ns + "foo",
new XAttribute(ns + "bar", "attribute"));
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("XName")]
[Title("Query for elements in a namespace")]
[Description("Find xsd:element with name=FullAddress")]
public void XLinq87() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xsd");
XNamespace XSD = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema";
XElement result = doc.Descendants(XSD + "element")
.Where(e => (string)e.Attribute("name") == "FullAddress")
.First();
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("XName")]
[Title("Create a namespace prefix declaration")]
[Description("Create a namespace prefix declaration")]
public void XLinq88() {
XNamespace myNS = "http://myNamespace";
XElement result = new XElement("myElement",
new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "myPrefix", myNS));
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
[Category("XName")]
[Title("Local-name and namespace")]
[Description("Get the local-name and namespace of an element")]
public void XLinq89() {
XNamespace ns = "http://myNamespace";
XElement e = new XElement(ns + "foo");
Console.WriteLine("Local name of element: {0}", e.Name.LocalName);
Console.WriteLine("Namespace of element : {0}", e.Name.Namespace.NamespaceName);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Get the outer XML of a node")]
[Description("Get the outer XML of a node")]
public void XLinq90() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Modem</item>" +
"<item price='250'>Monitor</item>" +
"<item price='10'>Mouse</item>" +
"</order>";
XElement order = XElement.Parse(xml);
Console.WriteLine(order.ToString(SaveOptions.DisableFormatting));
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Get the inner text of a node")]
[Description("Get the inner text of a node")]
public void XLinq91() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Modem</item>" +
"<item price='250'>Monitor</item>" +
"<item price='10'>Mouse</item>" +
"</order>";
XElement order = XElement.Parse(xml);
Console.WriteLine(order.Value);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Check if an element has attributes")]
[Description("Check if an element has attributes")]
public void XLinq92() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XElement e = doc.Element("Root")
.Element("Customers");
Console.WriteLine("Customers has attributes? {0}", e.HasAttributes);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Check if an element has element children")]
[Description("Check if an element has element children")]
public void XLinq93() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XElement e = doc.Element("Root")
.Element("Customers");
Console.WriteLine("Customers has elements? {0}", e.HasElements);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Check if an element is empty")]
[Description("Check if an element is empty")]
public void XLinq94() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XElement e = doc.Element("Root")
.Element("Customers");
Console.WriteLine("Customers element is empty? {0}", e.IsEmpty);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Get the name of an element")]
[Description("Get the name of an element")]
public void XLinq95() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XElement e = doc.Elements()
.First();
Console.WriteLine("Name of element {0}", e.Name);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Get the name of an attribute")]
[Description("Get the name of an attribute")]
public void XLinq96() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
XAttribute a = doc.Element("Root")
.Element("Customers")
.Attributes().First();
Console.WriteLine("Name of attribute {0}", a.Name);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Get the XML declaration")]
[Description("Get the XML declaration")]
public void XLinq97() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "config.xml");
Console.WriteLine("Version {0}", doc.Declaration.Version);
Console.WriteLine("Encoding {0}", doc.Declaration.Encoding);
Console.WriteLine("Standalone {0}", doc.Declaration.Standalone);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Find the type of the node")]
[Description("Find the type of the node")]
public void XLinq98() {
XNode o = new XElement("foo");
Console.WriteLine(o.NodeType);
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Verify phone numbers")]
[Description("Verify that the phone numbers of the format xxx-xxx-xxxx")]
[LinkedMethod("CheckPhone")]
public void XLinq99() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
var query =
from customer in doc.Descendants("Customers")
select
new XElement("customer",
customer.Attribute("CustomerID"),
customer.Descendants("Phone").First(),
CheckPhone((string)customer.Descendants("Phone").First()));
foreach (var result in query)
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
static XElement CheckPhone(string phone) {
Regex regex = new Regex("([0-9]{3}-)|('('[0-9]{3}')')[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}");
return new XElement("isValidPhone", regex.IsMatch(phone));
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Quick validation")]
[Description("Validate file structure")]
[LinkedMethod("VerifyCustomer")]
public void XLinq100() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_customers.xml");
foreach (XElement customer in doc.Descendants("Customers")) {
string err = VerifyCustomer(customer);
if (err != "")
Console.WriteLine("Cusotmer {0} is invalid. Missing {1}",
(string)customer.Attribute("CustomerID"), err);
}
}
static string VerifyCustomer(XElement c) {
if (c.Element("CompanyName") == null)
return "CompanyName";
if (c.Element("ContactName") == null)
return "ContactName";
if (c.Element("ContactTitle") == null)
return "ContactTitle";
if (c.Element("Phone") == null)
return "Phone";
if (c.Element("Fax") == null)
return "Fax";
if (c.Element("FullAddress") == null)
return "FullAddress";
return "";
}
[Category("Misc")]
[Title("Aggregate functions")]
[Description("Calculate sum, average, min, max of freight of all orders")]
public void XLinq101() {
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(dataPath + "nw_orders.xml");
var query =
from
order in doc.Descendants("Orders")
where
(string)order.Element("CustomerID") == "VINET" &&
order.Elements("ShipInfo").Elements("Freight").Any()
select
(double)order.Element("ShipInfo").Element("Freight");
double sum = query.Sum();
double average = query.Average();
double min = query.Min();
double max = query.Max();
Console.WriteLine("Sum: {0}, Average: {1}, Min: {2}, Max: {3}", Convert.ToString(sum, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
Convert.ToString(average, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture), Convert.ToString(min, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
Convert.ToString(max, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
}
[Category("Events")]
[Title("Add/Remove events")]
[Description("Attach event listners to the root element and add/remove child element")]
[LinkedMethod("OnChanging")]
[LinkedMethod("OnChanged")]
public void XLinq102() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Modem</item>" +
"<item price='250'>Monitor</item>" +
"<item price='10'>Mouse</item>" +
"</order>";
XDocument order = XDocument.Parse(xml);
// Add event listners to order
order.Changing += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanging);
order.Changed += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanged);
// Add a new item to order
Console.WriteLine("Original Order:");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", order.ToString(SaveOptions.None));
order.Root.Add(new XElement("item", new XAttribute("price", 350), "Printer"));
Console.WriteLine("After Add:");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", order.ToString(SaveOptions.None));
order.Root.Element("item").Remove();
Console.WriteLine("After Remove:");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", order.ToString(SaveOptions.None));
// Remove event listners
order.Changing -= new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanging);
order.Changed -= new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanged);
// Add another element, events should not be raised
order.Root.Add(new XElement("item", new XAttribute("price", 350), "Printer"));
}
[Category("Events")]
[Title("Name/Value change events")]
[Description("Attach event listners to the root element and change the element name/value")]
[LinkedMethod("OnChanging")]
[LinkedMethod("OnChanged")]
public void XLinq103() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Modem</item>" +
"<item price='250'>Monitor</item>" +
"<item price='10'>Mouse</item>" +
"</order>";
XElement order = XElement.Parse(xml);
order.Changing += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanging);
order.Changed += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanged);
Console.WriteLine("Original Order:");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", order.ToString(SaveOptions.None));
order.Name = "newOrder";
Console.WriteLine("After Name Change:");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", order.ToString(SaveOptions.None));
order.Element("item").Value = "New Item";
Console.WriteLine("After Value Change:");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", order.ToString(SaveOptions.None));
}
[Category("Events")]
[Title("Multiple event handlers")]
[Description("Attach event listners to multiple elements in the tree")]
[LinkedMethod("OnChanging")]
[LinkedMethod("OnChanged")]
public void XLinq104() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Modem</item>" +
"<item price='250'>Monitor</item>" +
"<item price='10'>Mouse</item>" +
"</order>";
XDocument order = XDocument.Parse(xml);
order.Changing += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanging);
order.Changed += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanged);
order.Root.Changing += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanging);
order.Root.Changed += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanged);
// This element should not receive any events since the change will be made to
// the root element
order.Root.Element("item").Changing += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanging);
order.Root.Element("item").Changed += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(OnChanged);
Console.WriteLine("Original Order:");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", order.ToString(SaveOptions.None));
// This should not raise any events for 'order.Root.Element("item")'
order.Root.Add(new XElement("item", "Printer"));
Console.WriteLine("After Add:");
Console.WriteLine("{0}", order.ToString(SaveOptions.None));
}
public void OnChanging(object sender, XObjectChangeEventArgs e) {
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("OnChanging:");
Console.WriteLine("EventType: {0}", e.ObjectChange);
Console.WriteLine("Object: {0}", ((XNode)sender).ToString(SaveOptions.None));
}
public void OnChanged(object sender, XObjectChangeEventArgs e) {
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("OnChanged:");
Console.WriteLine("EventType: {0}", e.ObjectChange);
Console.WriteLine("Object: {0}", ((XNode)sender).ToString(SaveOptions.None));
Console.WriteLine();
}
[Category("Events")]
[Title("Orders Log")]
[Description("Log orders as they are added")]
public void XLinq105() {
string xml = "<order >" +
"<item price='150'>Motor</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Cable</item>" +
"<item price='50'>Modem</item>" +
"<item price='250'>Monitor</item>" +
"<item price='10'>Mouse</item>" +
"</order>";
XElement order = XElement.Parse(xml);
int orderCount = 0;
StringWriter log = new StringWriter();
order.Changed += new EventHandler<XObjectChangeEventArgs>(
delegate(object sender, XObjectChangeEventArgs e) {
orderCount++;
log.WriteLine(((XNode)sender).ToString(SaveOptions.None));
});
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
order.Add(new XElement("item", new XAttribute("price", 350), "Printer"));
}
Console.WriteLine("Orders Received: {0}", orderCount);
Console.WriteLine("Orders Log:");
Console.WriteLine(log.ToString());
}
}
}
// Copyright © Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
// This code released under the terms of the
// Microsoft Public License (MS-PL, http://opensource.org/licenses/ms-pl.html.)
//
//Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
public class ObjectDumper {
public static void Write(object o) {
Write(o, 0);
}
public static void Write(object o, int depth) {
ObjectDumper dumper = new ObjectDumper(depth);
dumper.WriteObject(null, o);
}
TextWriter writer;
int pos;
int level;
int depth;
private ObjectDumper(int depth) {
this.writer = Console.Out;
this.depth = depth;
}
private void Write(string s) {
if (s != null) {
writer.Write(s);
pos += s.Length;
}
}
private void WriteIndent() {
for (int i = 0; i < level; i++) writer.Write(" ");
}
private void WriteLine() {
writer.WriteLine();
pos = 0;
}
private void WriteTab() {
Write(" ");
while (pos % 8 != 0) Write(" ");
}
private void WriteObject(string prefix, object o) {
if (o == null || o is ValueType || o is string) {
WriteIndent();
Write(prefix);
WriteValue(o);
WriteLine();
}
else if (o is IEnumerable) {
foreach (object element in (IEnumerable)o) {
if (element is IEnumerable && !(element is string)) {
WriteIndent();
Write(prefix);
Write("...");
WriteLine();
if (level < depth) {
level++;
WriteObject(prefix, element);
level--;
}
}
else {
WriteObject(prefix, element);
}
}
}
else {
MemberInfo[] members = o.GetType().GetMembers(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
WriteIndent();
Write(prefix);
bool propWritten = false;
foreach (MemberInfo m in members) {
FieldInfo f = m as FieldInfo;
PropertyInfo p = m as PropertyInfo;
if (f != null || p != null) {
if (propWritten) {
WriteTab();
}
else {
propWritten = true;
}
Write(m.Name);
Write("=");
Type t = f != null ? f.FieldType : p.PropertyType;
if (t.IsValueType || t == typeof(string)) {
WriteValue(f != null ? f.GetValue(o) : p.GetValue(o, null));
}
else {
if (typeof(IEnumerable).IsAssignableFrom(t)) {
Write("...");
}
else {
Write("{ }");
}
}
}
}
if (propWritten) WriteLine();
if (level < depth) {
foreach (MemberInfo m in members) {
FieldInfo f = m as FieldInfo;
PropertyInfo p = m as PropertyInfo;
if (f != null || p != null) {
Type t = f != null ? f.FieldType : p.PropertyType;
if (!(t.IsValueType || t == typeof(string))) {
object value = f != null ? f.GetValue(o) : p.GetValue(o, null);
if (value != null) {
level++;
WriteObject(m.Name + ": ", value);
level--;
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
private void WriteValue(object o) {
if (o == null) {
Write("null");
}
else if (o is DateTime) {
Write(((DateTime)o).ToShortDateString());
}
else if (o is ValueType || o is string) {
Write(o.ToString());
}
else if (o is IEnumerable) {
Write("...");
}
else {
Write("{ }");
}
}
}